Golija

The mounts Golija , in Serb Cyrillic Голија, are a mountainous region of Serbia located between the towns of Ivanjica and of Novi Pazar. They belong to the the dinaric Alps. The density of the forests and the vegetation which covers them allowed the safeguarding of important a Biodiversité. In 2001, the Golija mounts were thus declared Réserve of biosphere , within the framework of the program on the man and the biosphere of UNESCO. The Golija mounts shelter also several momuments historical and in particular monasteries of very first importance.

Geography

The Golija mounts extend between Novi Pazar and Raška (in the south) and Ivanjica (in north). They cover a surface of approximately: 53804 ha. They form a composite unit, with rivers and valleys separating many heights.

The culminating point of this unit is Jankov kamen (1833 m), followed by the mount Radulovac (1785 m), the mount Bojevo Brdo (1748 m) and the mount Crni Vrh (1725 m). All these tops offer a vast panorama on the forests of Golija and the mounts close, like the mounts Kopaonik, Komovi and Prokletije.

The rivers Moravica and Studenica take their source there. Studenica, consisted of several brooks, dug small throats in the mountain. Its right affluent, the Izubra , forms there three water falls a height of approximately 20 m, like several cascades.

The area of the Golija mounts counts approximately: 6600 inhabitants, divided in 42 distant villages from/to each other, distribution characteristic of the mountainous areas. One saw there primarily breeding and Extensive agriculture; the forest brings a complement, in the medicinal herb and mushroom shape.

Inside the reserve, is the Monastère of Studenica, registered since 1986 on the Liste of the world heritage of UNESCO. Not far from there are the Monastère of Sopoćani and the whole of Stari Ras, them so registered with the world heritage of humanity.

Climate

The Golija mounts have three distinct climatic zones. The first, with the lower part of 700 m altitude, has a continental Climat moderate. The second, between 700 and: 1300 m know short but hard winters, characterized by abundant snowfalls; the summers are short, with hot days and fresh nights. Zones located above: 1300 m know very cold winters and very short summers.

Throughout the year, the wind of north blows in the valley of the Golijska Moravica, making the summers fresher and creating snow-drifts in winter sometimes. On the other hand, certain years, a breeze coming from the south blows at the beginning of spring, thus supporting the snow melt.

Flora and fauna (Biodiversity)

The plants which one can find on the Golija mounts account for 25% of the flora of Serbia a total of: 1091 species were also indexed for the flora as well as for fauna.

Aggisant itself of the flora, one could count 117 kinds of Algue S, 40 species of foam S, 7 species of Lichen S and 75 species of Champignon S. the symbol of the Golija mounts is the maple (Acer heldreichii), which enters the composition of forests of Feuillu S and mixed forests (comprising Conifère S).

Being the fauna, 95 already known species of Oiseau X were indexed, which makes Réserve of biosphere Golija mounts one of the ornithological reserves most important of Europe for the areas of mountain. 22 species of Mammifère S were indexed, of which certain spaces rare and protected from Loup S, of Brown bear S, Belette S, Myoxidae, red squirrels and Musaraigne S.

Tourism

Two hotels were built on the Golija mounts, but there exist possibilities of housing near the reserve, in particular close to Ivanjica and Novi Pazar.

The mountain also became a possible destination for the amateurs of ski, Cyclisme and Randonnée. In the same way, for the amateurs, it is possible to drive out the Chevreuil, the Sanglier and the Lapin.

Notes and references of the article

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