Glycogénogénèse

The glycogénogenèse is the metabolic way which allows, in the Foie and the Muscle, the Synthèse of Glycogène starting from the Glucose. Its principal goal is the retention of the Glucose resulting from a food rich in glucids.

The mechanism which ends in the synthesis of glycogen starting from a big number of molecules of glucose is summarized by the formule :

N C6H12O6 (glucoses) → (C6H10O5) n (glycogen) + (n-1) H2O,
with N which can reach 30  000.

It is held in fact into five étapes :

glucose → glucose-6-phosphate

  • 2. Enzymatic action of the Phosphoglucomutase:

glucose-6-phosphate → glucose-1-phosphate

  • 3. Enzymatic action of UDP-glucose-pyrophosphorylase (UDP = uridine-diphosphate)  :

glucose-1-phosphate + UTP → UDP-glucose + pyrophosphate

  • 4. Enzymatic action of glycogen-synthase (or Synthétase)  :

UDP-glucose + glycogènen → glycogènen+1 + UDP

  • 5. Enzymatic action of the glycosyl-4,6-transférase :

glycogènen+1 → glycogènen+1 connected This action is optional, it produces a new branch with the tree

This synthesis is done in the presence of several Enzyme S, whose Synthétase in the Foie and the Muscle S. It makes it possible to avoid, after the Digestion, the accumulation of glucose in blood (Hyperglycémie). The glycogen is osmotiquement inactive and avoids with a cell mouthful of glucose exploding.

The glycogénogénèse is stimulated by the Insuline. Insulin allows the penetration of glucose in the muscular cells, via receivers GLUT4, then they are polymerized out of glycogen. This and fixing retention of glycogen is the Glycogénopexie (of the Greek pexis, fixing.)

Internal bond

External bonds

The chemical logic behind glycogen synthesis

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