Gluconic acid

The gluconic acid (C ₆ H ₁₂ O ₇) is a very widespread Acide as well at the animal as in the Plante S. It is generally integrated in a Molécule larger as it is the case in various Gomme S. It is obtained starting from gum of Acacia, from which one isolates it in the form from crystals out of needles melting with 165°C. It is soluble in the Eau and the alcohol.

Chemistry

The gluconic acid is obtained by the Oxydation of the function aldehyde of the Glucose, therefore on Carbon n°1, according to the following reaction:

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D-Glucose

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Acid D-gluconique

This acid dissociates in water with pH = 7, according to this reaction:

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Acide D-gluconic + water

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D-gluconate + Hydronium

Gluconic acid and Wine

The gluconic acid was found in the wines of eudemized grape harvest: the larva of the eudémis (butterfly) borer the grape and allows the development of an oxidizing bacterium which can give several grams of gluconic acid per liter of Moût. Botrytis cinerea is able, via a Enzyme, the glucose oxydase , to form gluconic acid starting from Glucose. This acid comes from the function Aldéhyde of glucose:

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2 glucose + Dioxygène

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2 gluconic acid

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