Giovanni Giolitti

Giovanni Giolitti (October 27th 1842 – July 17th 1928) is a Italian Politicien , President of the Council to five recoveries between 1892 and 1921. Strong man of Italy in the years preceding the First World War, it symbolizes the access to the capacity of the generation which did not take share with the Risorgimento.

Youth and studies

He was born with Mondovi in the Piedmont on October 27th, 1842. Resulting from the alpine farming community, Giolitti makes studies of Droit to Turin. He becomes a senior official and occupies the posts of general inspector of finances, of general secretary of the Court of Auditors.

Political career

Depretis appoints it adviser of State. In 1882, it is elected Député of Coni (Piedmont), it sits at the constitutional left. It begins a ministerial career then. He is a highly skilled expert of the " transformisme" policy.

It practices the Clientélisme, the Corruption and the pressures electoral, which with saying its adversaries enable him to exert a true parliamentary dictatorship. In 1889 - 1890 he becomes Minister for Finance in the cabinet Crispi which he leaves after a dissension on the economies to carry out. In May 1892, the king appoints it President of the Council of Ministers and Minister of Interior Department.

It must withdraw in November 1893, after accusations of corruption (it made appoint senator the director of Banca romana, which finances its political life) and its failure to repress the agitation of the fasci workers in Sicily.

President of the Council

From 1901 to 1903, he is the Minister of Interior Department of the cabinet Giuseppe Zanardelli. In the ten years which follow it is constantly with the capacity, as president of the Council of November 1903 in March 1905, of May 1906 in December 1909, April 1911 in March 1914.

Meanwhile there is withdrawn voluntarily while remaining minister in the cabinets Fortis, Sonnino and Luzzati. At the beginning of the First World War, Giolitti is made lawyer of the Italian neutrality (which then does not respect its alliance with Germany and Austria). After the war, he is again president of the Council of June 1920 in June 1921. He does not manage to face the vague revolutionist who agitates Italy.

Also it approaches Benito Mussolini, the chief of the fascistic Italian, whom it pushes towards the capacity. However he refuses to be reproduced on the lists of deputies created around the fascistic party. In 1928, it passes in the opposition to the mode which has just created a new type of political representation: the Parliament supporter of corporatism.

He died in Cavour in Piedmont the July 17th 1928.

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