Gilan

Gilan (Persan: RTL F استانگیلان) is one of the 30 provinces of Iran. It was known during antiquity like part of the Hyrcanie. Its population is of approximately 2 million inhabitants and its surface is of 14 700 km ². Gilan is in the west of the Mazandaran, along the Caspian Sea. The center of the province is the town of Rasht. The other towns of importance in the province are: Astara, Astaneh Ashrafieh, Rudsar, Langrud, Souma' eh Sara, Talesh, Fuman, Masouleh, and Lahijan.

The principal port of the province is Bandar-E Anzali (previously Pahlavi Bandar-E).

History

Ancient history

Archaeological research reveals that the history of the province go up before the glacial last era.

At sixth century BC, the inhabitants of Gilan (such as the Gill tribes and Daylam) are allied with Cyrus large the and drove out the Mèdes. The province then passed from one dynasty to the other.

Modern history

After the Second world war, Gilan was managed in a way independent by the government of Teheran and the subject of the permanent independence of the province was even evoked. Before the war, the Gilanis played a big role in the constitutional Révolution of Iran under the aegis of Mirza Kuchak Khan Jangali. Its movement, known under the name of Jangalis (Movements of people of the forest), sent a brigade armed to Teheran which helped to deposit the leader Qajar Mohammad Ali Shah. However, the revolution did not progress in the way for which the movement constitutionnalist had fought, and Iran then knew a period of disorder and invasions foreign, particularly on behalf of the Empires Russian British and .

The contribution of Gilan to the movement of Mirza Kouchak Khan Jangali, known under the name of Mouvement constitutionnalist of Gilan (or Jangalis ) is glorifié in the Iranian history and made it possible to make safe Gilan and the Mazandaran of the foreign invasions. However, in 1920, the British forces invaded Bandar-E Anzali whereas they were continued by the Bolchevik S. In the middle of the conflict between Great Britain and Russia, Jangalis formed an alliance with the Bolsheviks against the British. This alliance culminated during the establishment of the Soviet republic of Gilan, which lasted of June 1920 until September 1921. In February 1921 Soviet withdrew their support for the Jangali movement of Gilan, and signed the Traité friendship Irano-Soviet with the central government of Teheran. Jangalis continued to fight against the central government for the remainder of the year until their final defeat in September which marked the return of the government of Gilan in Teheran.

Geography and climate

Gilan has a wet climate moderated with many annual falls of rain. The chain of the Elbourz allows a diversification of the grounds compared to the coasts of the Caspian one.

Most of the province mountainous and is covered with green forests. The coastal plain along the Caspian Sea is similar to that of the Mazandaran, east is covered with Rizière S.

In May 1990, most of the province was destroyed by enormous a Earthquake, in which 45 000 people died. Abbas Kiarostami carried out her famous films " Nothing drank Life" ( " And the life continue" ) and " Through the Olive Trees" ( " Through the oliviers" ) starting from these events.

Population and culture

The position of Gilan on trade route Teheran - Bakou allowed the creation of the towns of Bandar-E-Anzali and Rasht which are classified among the important shopping malls in Iran. The middle-classes and the tradesmen thus represent a strong proportion of the population.

The province on average accommodates every year 2 million tourists, the majority of Iranian origin. Although the Organization of the cultural heritage of Iran counts 211 sites of historical and cultural importance in the area, the principal tourist attraction of Gilan is the village of Masouleh, located in the hills at the south-east of Rasht. The city is not built in a way very different from the North-American Pueblos, the roof of a house being the court of the house located directly above.

Gilan has a very strong culinary tradition, and some of its dishes were adopted in all Iran. This variety is due partly to the climate, which makes it possible to make push a very large variety of fruits, vegetables and fruits dry in the province. The Seafood are component important Gilani kitchen (and Mazandarani). The Sturgeon, often smoked or been useful in the form of Kabab, and the Caviar are delights which one can find on all the littoral of the Caspian Sea. The traditional Persan ragouts such as the ghalieh mahi (ragout of Poisson) and ghalieh maygu (ragout of Shrimp S) are also prepared in a way typically Gilani.

More specific to Gilan are a paste containing nut and of juice of grenade, used like marinade for acid kababs or as a base of the fesenjoun , a rich person ragout of Canard, Poulet or lamb. Mirza ghasemi is a dish containing egg S and of Eggplant S fried with the smoked taste which is often been used as an accompaniment or as aperitif. One counts also other dishes among which the garlic in the Vinaigre, of the Olive S with the paste of Noisette and the smoked fish. The caviar and the smoked fish are, in particular, very required as specialities and are intended for the international market of the Gourmet S. Voir also Cuisine of Iran.

Universities

University of Gilan with Mofid
University of Gilan
free Islamic university of Astara
free Islamic university of Bandar Anzali
free Islamic university of Rasht
University of medical sciences of Gilan

See too

Movement constitutionnalist of Gilan
Soviet republic of Gilan
Caspian Ghilan or Marshes, historical and geographical description of the country which borders in the south the Caspian Sea by Alexandre Chodzko XIXe

External bonds

Photograph gallery of Gilan
Information center of the university of medical sciences of Gilan
cultural Organization of the heritage of Gilan (an excellent information source into Persan)
Official site of the village of Masouleh
Tourist bureau of the province of Gilan
Department of the education of the province of Gilan (into Persan)
Guilan.net Of the photographs of Rasht

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