Ghassanides

The ghassanides (rear RTL الغساسنة) are an Arab tribe Christian monophysite which founded an pre-Islamic Arab kingdom in current Jordan. They probably adopted the Christianity monophysite under the influence of their environment Araméen (They belonged to the orthodoxe syriaque Église). They were a long time the vassal ones of the Byzantine Empire and contributed to contain the Perse S Sassanides out of the borders of the empire. It should be noted that an other rival, vassal Arab kingdom of Persia had been established in the south of Iraq (the kingdom of the Lakhmides).

The ghassanides would have come from the south of the Arabia to the worms the end of IIIe century after JC. Like the Lakhmides, they would be a branch of the tribe Azd which is part itself of the tribes Qahtanite (“indigenous” Arabs of the South) which lived the Yemen and would be at the origin of the Royaume of Sheba. They lived the town of Ma' bank account number which was irrigated by dam. When the stopping of Ma' bank account number collapsed, Azd would have immigrant a little everywhere in the Arabic peninsula.

The ghassanides are more one confederation of tribes that a tribe itself. They start to play a central role in the area starting from the Life century.

With its apogee the kingdom ghassanide extended from the south of the Syria to the town of Yathrib (today Médine in Saudi Arabia). Its capital was Jabaliya in the current Golan. Vassal from the Byzantine Empire, the ghassanides will protect the south-western border from the empire of the incursions Bedouins and Perse S. the ghassanides will know an important economic prosperity and will launch out in the construction of public edifices and monk. They sponsor also certain arts, in particular poetry and install poets like Nabighah adh-Dhubyani and Hassan ibn Thabit at their court.

However, the persecution of the faith monophysite judged heretic by Byzance will put at evil the relations with the Byzantines. These tensions will have important consequences at the time of the conquest of the area by the Moslem empire being born. In 636, into full Bataille with Yarmouk opposing the Byzantines to the Moslems, 12.000 warriors ghassanides who had not been paid for several months make defection after the Moslems offered to them to pay their arrears. They contribute largely to the Byzantine defeat while making pass the number of Byzantines of: 40000 with: 28000 men and the armies Arab S of: 20000 with: 32000 men. This battle will lead to the dismantling of the kingdom of Ghassan, the real capacity escaped to them since the invasion Perse from 614. Most of the ghassanides preserved the same Christian faith if conversions of force to Islam were practiced.

The first name of Ghassan is always of use among Arabic (Christian and Moslem) until today. It means Arab force in and Syriaque. Families like Chemor, Gharios, Maalouf and Jabara (or Gebara) also go down from Ghassanides.

Kings ghassanides

Jafnah I ibn `Amr (220-265)
`Amr I ibn Jafnah (265-270)
Tha' labah ibn Amr (270-287)
Al-Harith I ibn Th `alabah (287-307)
Jabalah I ibn Al-Harith I (307-317)
Al-Harith II ibn Jabalah " ibn Maria" (317-327)
Al-Mundhir I Senior ibn Al-Harith II (327-330) and…
Al-Aiham ibn Al-Harith II (327-330) and…
Al-Mundhir II Junior ibn Al-Harith II (327-340) and…
Al-Naked `man I ibn Al-Harith II (327-342) and…
`Amr II ibn Al-Harith II (330-356) and…
Jabalah II ibn Al-Harith II (327-361)
Jafnah II ibn Al-Mundhir I (361-391) and…
Al-Naked `man II ibn Al-Mundhir I (361-362)
Al-Naked `man III ibn 'Amr ibn Al-Mundhir I (391-418)
Al-Naked Jabalah III ibn `man (418-434)
Al-Naked `man IV ibn Al-Aiham (434-455) and…
Al-Harith III ibn Al-Aiham (434-456) and…
Al-Naked `man V ibn Al-Harith (434-453) Al-Naked
Al-Mundhir II ibn `man (453-472) and…
`Amr III ibn Al-Naked `man (453-486) and…
Al-Naked Hijr ibn `man (453-465)
Al-Harith IV ibn Hijr (486-512)
Jabalah IV ibn Al-Harith (512-529)
Al-Harith V ibn Jabalah (529-569)
Al-Mundhir III ibn Al-Harith (569-581) and…
Abu Kirab Al-Naked `man ibn Al-Harith (570-582)
Al-Naked `man VI ibn Al-Mundhir (582-583)
Al-Harith VI ibn Al-Harith (583)
Al-Nu' man VII ibn Al-Harith Abu Kirab (583 -?)
Al-Aiham ibn Jabalah (? -614)
Al-Mundhir IV ibn Jabalah (614 -?)
Sharahil ibn Jabalah (? -618)
Amr IV ibn Jabalah (618-628)
Jabalah V ibn Al-Harith (628-632)
Jabalah VI ibn Al-Aiham (632-638)

External bonds

history of the ghassanides

Simple: Ghassanids

Random links: