Gerolamo Cardano - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Origin

Born with Pavia, he was the son of a learned Milanese, friendly mathematician of Léonard de Vinci. Extraordinarily early, it was as of its famous youth like Astrologue and Mage, before giving evidence of sound “ spirit more than divine ”, in mathematics and the natural science. It made studies of medicine in Pavia and Padoue.

He professed mathematics, then medicine with Milan and to Bologna, travelled in Scotland, England, France, operating marvellous cures, and finished its life with Rome. There, it was approved with the Collège of the doctors and the pope made him a pension.

In 1547, the king of the Denmark had invited it to come in its States, but the climate and the religion diverted it to accept advantageous which this sovereign quoted to him.

Mathematics

One allots some discoveries in physics to him, in chemistry and in mathematics, inter alia, it was the first to introduce general ideas with the theory of the algebraic equations. Its method of resolution of the cubic equations had as a consequence the emergence of the imaginary numbers, which will become our complex numbers at the 19th century (see Méthode of Cardan joint).

Its name is also associated with a method of Stéganographie using a grid with holes masking part of a text to reveal the useful words. It will become later a method of Cryptographie when the grid can be turned of a quarter of turn (technical used for example in the novel Mathias Sandorf of Jules Verne).

It gave its name to a mechanical system allowing the free Gyroscope and having given rise to the Joint of transmission (an universal joint having become a cardan joint).

Enquiry

With deep knowledge, it had an incoherent spirit and a put out of order imagination; he believed in astrology, claimed to have a demon or familiar genius, thought gifted of a supernatural perspicacity, and output such extravagances that it is believed that he had accesses of madness. Its Perversion S sexual, its taste for the magic, its character irascible attracted many enemies to him, as well at the scientists as in the theologists. The latter arranged it with the atheistic number of the S. Jules César Scaliger was baited particularly on the treaty Of subtilitate . He even claimed to have succeeded in making die Cardan of sorrow by his criticisms.

After the publication of this book the author knew great misfortunes, his son was carried out in Pavia to have killed his wife.

Set on Astrology, it carries out a horoscope of the Christ, which explains why the Passion corresponds to the conjunction of planets what is worth to him, in 1570, to be stopped by the Inquisition for Hérésie.

A few weeks before its death, it finishes its Autobiographie, Of propria vita, which meets a certain notoriety. By provocation undoubtedly, Cardan enumerated itself its defects in this autobiography. One seldom went also far in the consents.

The rumor tells that Cardan would have committed suicide because an astrological prediction of its death appeared false. He wanted to thus return it just, which shows the dangers of the naive beliefs concerning the Astrologie.

Publications

Practica arithmeticae generalis , Milan, 1539
Ars magna, seu of regulis algebrse , Nuremberg, 1545
Of subtilitate , 1550
the Books of Hierome Cardanus doctor milannois, entitle Subtlety, & subtle inventions, together the occult causes, and icelles reasons . Paris, Charles Langelier (1556) translated by Richard Leblanc. According to Brunet, it was made on the text of 1554 and it reproduces the censured passages of them, Michel Sonnius, Paris (1578).
Dererum varietate , 1557
Desanitate tuenda , 1580
Of vita propria , 1643, posthumous work, which locks up the frankest confession or rather most impudent of its defects.

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