Georges d\' Amboise

Georges d' Amboise , born in 1460 and dead on May 25th 1510 with Lyon, cardinal-archbishop of Rouen starting from 1498, was Prime Minister of Louis XII and large a patron French.

He is the son of Pierre d' Amboise and Anne de Bueil, the younger brother of Charles Ier d' Amboise, the uncle of the cardinal Georges II of Amboise, which succeeded to him Rouen, and of the marshal Charles II of Amboise of Chaumont, which he made name governor of the duchy of Milan.

Biography

Born with the Castle from Chaumont-sur-Loire, close to Amboise, of a family of old extraction. It is ordered bishop of Montauban at the 14 years age and becomes one of the chaplains of Louis, duke of Orleans.

Prime Minister of Louis XII

He sticks to the fortune of the duke of Orleans (king since under the name of Louis XII), and in 1492 is made by this prince archbishop of Narbonne, then of Rouen in 1494, and Lieutenant-general of the Normandy under Charles VIII. In 1491, it negotiates the marriage of Charles VIII and Anne of Brittany.

When Louis XII assembles on the throne in 1498, it chooses it like principal minister. Georges d' Amboise fills with skill and integrity these functions, which it preserved until his death in 1510. At the beginning of its administration it reconciles the popular favors by removing the extraordinary tax which one had habit to raise to the advent of the king, never increases the taxes, in spite of the wars led by Louis XII. It makes useful payments, repeals the duration of the lawsuits and seeks to put a term at the corruption of the judges who sold justice with highest offerer.

It takes an active part in the wars of Italy, and more particularly in the conquest of the duchy of Milan, with the head of which it makes name its nephew Charles II of Amboise of Chaumont as governor.

In 1498, Alexandre VI names it cardinal and made of him its legate in France. Georges d' Amboise aspires a time to be made elect pope, but its ambitions run up against the opposition of Jules II.

Patron

When it succeeds Guillaume d' Estouteville as archbishop of Rouen, Georges d' Amboise endeavors to embellish the cathedral of Rouen and to make increase the episcopal palate. Its work most remarkable remainder however the whole of work which it makes complete in the castle of Gaillon, property of the archbishop's palace.

Of 1456 with 1463, Guillaume d' Estouteville had completely made transform the old feudal castle, but Georges d' Amboise continues and amplifies work: he transforms the home archiépiscopal into a sumptuous residence. Three successive building sites, of 1502 with 1509, are necessary so that Georges d' Amboise can give a concrete form to the artistic dazzling which it had felt at the time of his stays in Italy.

If it calls upon French architects for the design of the unit, it quasi totality of the sculptures and decorations are indeed carried out by Italian artists: Guido Mazoni which carries out the decorations of medallions, Jerome “Pacherot” (francized name), author of the marbles of the vault and the central fountain, FRA Giacondo, person in charge of the carved decorations. It is also with an Italian, Pacello da Mercogliano, that he entrust the realization of the Lydieu , vast and harmonious garden now disappeared.

It is about established that the Italian workshops which worked in Gaillon, also intervened in Rouen (Parlement of Normandy, undoubtedly the Hôtel of Bourgtheroulde). In this direction, Georges d' Amboise can be regarded as one of the introducers of the artistic Renaissance not only in Normandy, but in France

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