Georges Politzer

Georges Politzer , born in 1903 with Nagyvárad (Hungary) - today Oradea, in Romania (Area of Transylvania) - and shot in 1942 with the Mount Valérien, was a Philosophe and Marxist theorist French of Hungarian origin , affectionately called by some it red-headed philosopher . He was married with May Politzer.

Biography

Engaged in the Hungarian insurrection of 1919, it is exiled at the seventeen years age following the failure of the republic of the Councils, directed by Béla Kun. The country enters the era Horthy.

It settles in Paris in 1921 after having met Sigmund Freud and Sándor Ferenczi and in five years, it conquers all its academic titles, until the aggregation of Philosophie. Following the foundation by the French Communist party with the beginning of the year 1930, of the working University of Paris, which will be dissolved in 1939 with the organizations of the Communist party on application of the Sérol decree, Georges Politzer is invested and is in charge of the dialectic course of materialism. Reader of Karl Marx and Lénine, it is interested much in the Psychologie, preaching the side concrete of the latter, compared to the traditional psychology which it describes as abstracted . It is interested highly in the theory freudienne incipient and its tools before taking its distances with respect to this one. In parallel, it occupies the post of professor of philosophy to the Lycée Marcellin Berthelot with Saint-Maur-of-Ditches.

Mobilized in Paris in 1940, it remains at the sides of the clandestine direction of the Communist party. Demobilized in July 1940, it directs the edition of a clandestine bulletin. Following the arrest, in October 1940 of his/her comrade and friendly Paul Langevin, physicist of world famous, it leaves the first number the free University , reporting the imprisonment of the scientist and denounces all the exactions made by the invaders. the free University will appear in 1940 and 1941.

He is stopped in February 1942 and is shot in May.

The working University will reappear despite everything after the Libération under the name of new Université. In spite of his tragic death and his standpoint openly antifascists, Georges Politzer was not recognized like resistant internee that on a purely posthumous basis and after a very long legal battle which finished only in 1956.

Its posthumous work, elementary Principles of philosophy , carried out starting from notes taken by its pupils, was the first work prohibited by the military regime founded in Turkey in 1980.

Quotations

As long as one will say: there is in the history of the philosophy of philosophies without matter and philosophies becoming exhausted in a vice of honest artifices or pharisees, with perfect unconsciousness to be private of matter, one will not discuss any more but on the dates; as long as one will say: the rebirths of the spirit correspond to discovered of a new matter and the nuances are then swept because the problems in major terms are posed, they will congratulate us on the ingeniousness of our sights. But when one says: it is necessary that as of now the problems are posed in major terms; it is necessary that as of now the nuances are swept, because here new matter: then will be nothing any more but the simplistic ones for us and ignoramuses and in addition, of the rowdy characters. And all the good provision which one could have for our ideas will evaporate, immediately, of the only fact that we want to give them the precision that they comprise. Because such is the law of the situation. The philosophers of philosophy without matter are unconscious and the comic one which weighs on them it is that they know unquestionable science that there were unconscious philosophers to be private of matter and that they are perfectly impotent on their premises to diagnose the disease which they however recognize at the others. the Spirit, books, May 1926

And it is necessary to acknowledge that, for new philosophy, there cannot be dualism between the certainty and safety, since the speculations attach those which recommend it with those that one calls company the enemy . And being thus, fortunately, in dissension with the State, the new philosophers will have nothing any more but the certainty. To philosophize truly will be again a dangerous occupation as in heroic times. The philosophers will be again friendly of the truth , but consequently enemy of the gods, enemies of the State and corrupters of youth . Philosophy will involve a risk again. A selection will thus occur. To the truth only those will come which like it at the point to dare to transform the spiritual adventures into material adventures. Ibidem

Works

Critical of the bases of the Psychology , 1928
Bergsonisme, one philosophical mystification , social Editions
Blood and gold, or the Gold overcome by blood , November 1940
Revolution and counter-revolution at the 20th century , Editions social, March 1941
elementary Principles of philosophy , Editions social, notes taken with the courses professed at the working University of 1935-1936
Written , 1. Philosophy and the Myths , social Editions, 1973
Written , 2. Bases of psychology , social Editions

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