Georges Laplace
See also: Laplace
Georges Laplace is a Préhistorien French born on August 13rd, 1918 and deceased on September 21st, 2004 with Pau (Yrénées-Atlantiques). He contributed a substantial share to the discipline in the field of the methods of Fouille and of the analysis of the lithic industries prehistoric.
Biography
Resulting from the Teacher training school teachers of Lescar in 1938, it takes part in the countryside against Germany in 1939-40. He becomes teacher in 1941 but takes again the fight in 1943 in the rows of ORA as lieutenant in charge with the instruction and operations in the Vercors, the Dauphiné and the Savoy, then on the face of the the Alps in the rows of the 25° Alpine Division in 1944.As from 1947, he undertakes studies superiors at the universities of Toulouse and Bordeaux and obtains an arts degree. In 1950, it enters to CNRS as attache of research. From 1956 to 1958, he is member of the French École of Rome, on proposal of H. Breuil and R. Lantier and presents the Diploma of the French School of Rome to the Institut of France in 1959. Returned to France within the team of H. Breuil, it supports its doctorate of science State natural in 1961: Research on the leptolithic origin and the evolution of the complexes .
In 1970, it founds the stratigraphic Center of Palethnologie of Arudy. He becomes honorary research director at CNRS in 1983.
He makes gift of his collections particular to the National museum of Prehistory of the Eyzies in 1993.
May 18th 1999, it is named with the rank of Knight of the Légion of honor.
Method of excavation
In collaboration with Louis Méroc, as from 1948, Georges Laplace developed a method of recording of the position of the vestiges within an archaeological layer still largely used today , . It is based on the use of Cartesian Coordonnées in a Repère orthonormé:- the excavated zone is subdivided in squares of 1 m on side (squaring) in which the parts are located by two coordinates (" x" and " y") ranging between 0 and 100 cm;
- the third dimension (" z") corresponds to the altitude of the parts and is measured compared to a reference level.
In parallel, a very detailed attention is paid to the comprehension and the recording of the stratigraphy of the layer.
Analytical typology
Developed to create a dynamic system, analytical typology is based on an analysis of the specific characters of the components in order to describe them and to establish of it a classification , . G. Laplace uses it to work out the first evolutionary framework of the Paléolithique superior in Italy.
References
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