Genotype
A genotype is the genetic inheritance, genetic specific to an individual.
All the individuals of the same species have the same number of Chromosome S (23 pairs at the mankind; notation: 2N=46) transmitted by the cells sexual and available in one or more copies (Ploïdie). Each chromosome is composed of Gène S (approximately 30 to 35000 at the man) which is them same compounds of Allèle S (version different from the same gene).
One calls genotype the whole of the alleles of an individual carried by DNA of a alive cell.
The interaction of the genotype of an individual with his environment determines his Phénotype which can be modified by change.
It is thus the whole of the alleles of all genes. That differs from the phenotype (which is the expression of the genotype)
Botany
At the plants which do not have immune system containing Anticorps like the human ones, several different genotypes can " cohabiter" without problem to train the same individual. This is why one can graft plants without concern, whereas a continuous medicamentous fight is imperative to ensure the maintenance of a human Clerc's Office and to prevent the rejection.Ainsi, at the plants, it is current that change S of bud S or infections viral modify part of genetic inheritance. This phenomenon was and is always at the origin of selection of very interesting Cultivar S: red Pear Williams for example or mixed species (often of viral origin).
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