Gelos is a common French, located in the department of the Yrénées-Atlantiques and the area Aquitaine.

Geography

The grounds of the commune are sprinkled by the Soust, affluent of the Gave of Pau.

Communes bordering

• Pau in north
• Bizanos and Mazères-Lezons in the North-East
• Uzos and Rontignon in the east
• Jurançon in the west
• Gan in south-west
• Bosdarros in the south

History:

The origin of the name Gelos:

The origin of the name of Gelos comes can be of zelosum which wants to say dedicated full with zeal. There was Castetgelos which wants to say “dedicated castle” or “which supervises well” but this proposal cannot be retained because Gelos did not have a feudal castle. The second proposal would be that Gelos would come from a name of man to which the Aquitanian suffix ossum would have been added. But one cannot say if these proposals are true.

The first information on Gelos:

The oldest information on Gelos dates from the 12th century. This one speaks about “Garsiasans” certainly a laic abbot of Gelos. It gave to évêché of Lescar part of the dîme of Gelos, tax paid with the church. What indicates that peasants lived already Gelos. Later, the censier of 1385 gives us information on the inhabitants of Gelos. Thus in 1335 twenty fires or hearths were subjected to the tax. The censier indicates to us that “Guilhem cuts down gelos” was a laic abbot i.e. a small lord. To the beginning, this title belonged to the founder of the church. The laic abbots had certain privileges like: to raise the dîme, on the peasants, to their profit. Here two other very known laic abbots:

- the captain Laborde (16th century), captain of the castle of Pau,

- Mr Duplaa, the last laic abbot, owner of the castle which forms part of the Stud farm today.

Population of Gelos and its neighborhoods at the 14th century:

At the 14th century, Gan and Jurançon were two villages more populated than Gelos. They respectively had fifty four and a hundred and sixty and eleven fires or hearths, whereas Gelos had only twenty of them. Mazères had only five and Lezons three of it.

The limits of Gelos are completely artificial by places passing through wood and fields. They are explainable because, starting from the S of people left the villages and built isolated farms. The Rod (the Borough): old Gelos was divided into two parts: the Rod and Bourdalat. A Rod was a city protected by ditches from enclosure and a main door. The term of Rod was not appropriate for the village of Gelos because this one was presented in the form of an open village without fortification. Formerly, the houses of the village had an contiguous garden (the casau) and sometimes they had one borders (barn), they had then a court (the farmyard). Formerly the grounds of culture of the Rod were dispersed in the surrounding countryside. On the grounds punts and alluvial, one cultivated the grain, bases food. The owners had grounds in two different sectors because, when one carried a cereal of winter the other carried a sown cereal in spring so that the ground does not become exhausted. One did not have to close the cultivated pieces because, after the harvest of the grains, the animals had the right to go there brouter under the guard of the communal guard. One cultivated the vines on the quite exposed slopes. Bourdalat (the Hamlet) was composed to him of farms dispersed on the slopes. The farms of Bourdalat called boaries had the dwelling house and the farm buildings. The grounds of culture of Bourdalat were contiguous to the houses. However, in the content of the valley of Soust, there were no farms because of the floods.

Transformations with and 18th centuries:

In the Rod (the Borough): at the 18th century the inhabitants of Gelos (borough) were farmers and craftsmen. In 1716 the Duplaa family originating in Escout, obtained the laic abbey of Gelos. The baron Duplaa had the idea to connect his property paloise and his property gelosienne by a footbridge built on the gave about 1780. In Bourdalat (the Hamlet): from and 18th century, the country owners of Bourdalat sold to them boarie in notable Palois which made country residences of them. Beautiful residences were built on the slopes in the style of the houses or castles of the 18th century.

Significant events of the 19th century:

The marquis de Casaus became lord of Gelos of 1765 to 1789 by buying the seigniories of Gelos, Jurançon and Gan for 1100 pounds with the king. At the 19th century, in 1808, the Duplaa castle accommodated Napoleon (general born in Corsica, first consul, then emperor of the French) and Joséphine for one night.

In 1810 this castle became national stud farm.

Administration:

Intercommunality

The town of Gelos belongs to the Communauté of agglomeration of the Pau-Pyrenees which gathers 14 communes of the agglomeration paloise.

Demography:

Economy:

The common one belongs to the zone AOC Vignoble of Jurançon.

Culture and inheritance:

Personalities related to the commune:

Born in Gelos:

Died in Gelos:

• Simin Palay, poet in 1965

Bus of the agglomeration:

Gelos east served by STAP with the line 1 .

• the line 1 - Mazères Arriou or Soubacq > Pole Thicket > Total Scientific Center

• the line 1R - Rapatout > Pole Thicket (Ap Thursday)

Internal bond:

• Common of the Yrénées-Atlantiques
• Simin Palay
• Stud farm of Gelos
• Eric Gonzalès

External bonds:

• Official site of the town of Gelos;

Random links:

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