Gdańsk

Gdańsk or in Cachoube Gduńsk, French German Dantzig and in Danzig , located on the the Baltic, is the 6th town of Poland by its population and more the harbor big city of this country. Between 1975 and 1998, the city was the chief town of the voïvodie of Gdańsk and since 1998, Gdańsk is the chief town of the Voïvodie de Poméranie. The French name of the city finds its origin in its denomination German E, Danzig .

History

Gdańsk was mentioned for the first time in the historical chronicles in 997. It was then a town of fishing and from commercial Polish and Kachoube S. Gdańsk obtained the statute of city with the Droit of Lübeck in 1224.

In 1295, it passed with its province under the Polish domination; but in 1308, Vladislas IV yielded the whole to the Ordre Teutonique. The Knights increased it in 1311, and strengthened it in 1314. It took the name of Danzig and belonged to the Eastern Prussia until in 1466. Dantzig had entered as of 1310 the Hanse and it had been one of the main cities; during the dissolution of the league, it remained plain at the three towns of Lubeck, Hamburg and Bremen (until the 19th century, one named these four cities the cities Hanséatique S).

In 1454, it was reconquered by the Poles; having refused in 1575 to recognize Etienne Bathory, it had to support the war against this monarch, who seized in 1577 it.

Between 1466 and 1793, Gdańsk was a free city in the Kingdom of Poland although it had a population as a German majority.

Stanislas took refuge in 1734 there and supported a seat there. The Prussia was made it yield in 1793. Dantzig became the capital of the Western Prussia until in 1920, with a short interruption under Napoleon between 1807 and 1813. In 1807, the marshal Lefebvre made the Siège of Gdańsk and seized this place. It accepted in reward the title of duke of Dantzig.

By the peace of Tilsitt, concluded the same year, Dantzig city was declared free, under the protection of Prussia and the Saxony, but preserved a French garrison. The allies took it again in 1813 after a long seat supported by Rapp; it was returned to Prussia which made the chief town of Western Prussia of them (Westpreussen).

The Traité of consecutive Versailles with the First World War made of Gdańsk the free Ville of Dantzig, under the control of the Société of the Nations (1920), against the will as of its inhabitants with vast German majority (96,4%). In September 1939, the Second world war started with the Bombardement of the Polish garrison of Westerplatte, then Dantzig was attached to the Germany.

At the end of the Second world war, the city was destroyed by the Soviet army, the German inhabitants were expelled and the city was yielded to the Poland on the order of Stalin with the assent of Churchill and Roosevelt. Meanwhile, the historical buildings of the downtown area were rebuilt, whereas the new districts were built more close to the littoral of the the Baltic.

The port of Gdańsk became most important of the country. In 1970, workmen of Gdańsk constituted an independent trade union and revolted against the Communist leaders. Supported by their colleagues of Szczecin and Silesia, they succeeded in making change the mentality of the Poles compared to the Communist leaders. In 1980, the trade union Solidarność and its leader Lech Wałęsa led a similar revolt. In 1989, Poland became a democracy, which allowed Gdańsk a fast development and the entry in the capitalist market economy.

Partial source

Demography

Communication

  • the Aéroport nearest is the Aéroport of Gdańsk

Curiosities

  • Solidarność Place, rises high in the sky three crosses decorated with an anchor of navy to the memory of the strikes of 1970.

Wire and girls of the city

Religion and places of worships

Archbishop's palace

  • Archdiocese of Gdańsk
  • Cathedral Oliwa de Gdańsk

Mosque of Gdańsk Oliwa

Twinnings

  • , to see

French expression referring there

  • Chocolate of Dantzig: Money, in reference to the gift of the Napoleon Emperor to the Lefevre Marshal, Duke of Dantzig
  • not to die for Dantzig , in reference to the famous article of Marcel Déat, pacifist extreme, published in August 1939 in " Œuvre" under the title: " Is it necessary to die for Dantzig? " (in other words, was necessary it to state the war with Hitler under pretext to prevent it of from annexing Dantzig?).

Close cities on the Baltic littoral

  • Gdynia (port city and industrial)
  • Sopot (balneal city)

People

External bonds

  • Official site of the city
  • Photographs of Gdańsk
  • Virtual Gdańsk
  • Hotels in Gdańsk
  • the Maritime Museum Polish
  • Images of Gdańsk
  • 3city
  • Fotos Gdansk

Be-X-old: Гданьск Simple: Gdańsk

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