Gamzigrad

Gamzigrad , in Serb Cyrillic Sr Гамзиград, is a village of Serbia located in the municipality of Zaječar, district of Zaječar. In 2002, it counted 945 inhabitants.

Near Gamzigrad is the Roman site of Romuliana or Felix Romuliana, a Castrum where was born and was buried the emperor Galère (towards 250 - 311). The site was registered in 2007 on the Liste of the world heritage of UNESCO.

History

After the conquests of the emperor Trajan in 107, a province of Dacie had been created, but it was lost under Gallien, in 268. The emperor Aurélien transferred the legions on southern bank from the the Danube and reorganized the area by creating the province of Dacia Ripensis (the " Dacie of the rive"), with like capital Achar.

The castrum of Romuliana belonged to this new province. It was called Romuliana or Felix Romuliana in the honor of the mother of the emperor Galère, Romula. Located at the crossroads of several Roman Ways, it became one of the administrative centers of the province and it managed gold coming from the mines of the area.

Romuliana knew its hour of glory under the reign of the emperor Galère, who, Dace by his mother, made his privileged residence of it; it made there build fortifications and build a palate. With its death, it was made there bury.

Still important locality under the Byzantine Empire, Romuliana was destroyed by the Avars at the 6th century.

The site

Fortifications of Romuliana, there remains today the Western main door and the principal enclosures.

The archeologists put at the day of many objects dating from the Roman epoch: jewels, weapons, coins. The coins, in particular, help to date the places.

But there remains especially of interesting vestiges: basilicas, temples, thermal baths and a Tétrapylon. In the palate built by Galère, one can announce a beautiful mosaic whole of columns and S; one of these mosaics represents Adonis, others show scenes of hunting. The Marble and the porphyry were employed on the site, attesting ostentation of the imperial residence.

On the hill of Magura, very close to the palate, a Mémorial was found, sheltering two tombs and two tumuli, those of the Galère emperor and his mother Romula (dead between 303 and 305).

UNESCO underlines the value of the unit: The site offers a single testimony of the traditional Roman construction worked by the ideological program of the second tétrarchie .

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