Galalithe
The galalithe is a Polymère, a hard matter formed containing Lait. The etymology of the word comes from the Greek official reception - milk - and lithographies - stone.
History
Its process of obtaining, discovered in 1889, was refined at the beginning of the century: a French chemist, Jean-Jacques Trillat, finds the means of rendering insoluble the Caséine (Protéine of milk) by rajouttant there Formol which thus guarantees its conservation. Casein represents approximately 30g matter per liter of milk.
Manufacture
By mixing it with formol and various dyes, one thus obtained the first artificial polymer, which was largely used at the beginning of the century in the manufacture of buttons, jewel X, pens, cigarette-holders, electrical material, etc There are three ways of manufacturing galalithe:-
By letting milk ferment (to curdle)
- By mixing an acid product with milk, like the Formol or the vinegar
- By adding a derivative of presses contained in the stomach of the young bovines
Characteristics
The galalithe, hard and silky, is worked manually. It is not moulded, it has in plates various thicknesses, sticks, or tubes. It requires a work of mechanical polishing or manual to arrive at a brilliant aspect. Moreover, the galalithe is a polymer which is biodegradable.
Use
It was used much in years 1920/1930 to carry out jewels. Establishments A. BONAZ in Oyonnax (France) and Jakob BENGEL in Germany were the two large users of this matter to carry out the splendid ones and typical jewels art déco.There remain however some button manufacturers and a creator of jewels which still use it. Indeed its qualities are there: biodegradable, anti-allergic, anti-static but especially its great possibility of being dyed, and with mode of a simple and ecological development, it is possible that it remakes its appearance.
Sources
- Techoueyre
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