Gaetano Donizetti

Domenico Gaetano Maria Donizetti , more known under the name of Gaetano Donizetti , born the November 29th 1797 with Bergamo, dead the April 8th 1848 in Bergamo, was a Compositeur Italy N.

Although its repertory of type-setter includes/understands a great number of kinds, of which Sacred music, parts for String quartet and works orchestral, it is especially famous for its lyric work.

Its life

It was wire of an employee, it was dedicated to the musical career in spite of his father who intended it for the bar. Donizetti studied under the direction of Simon Mayr in Bergamo then under that of the Père Mattei, Against-pointiste, with Bologna, being limited, at its beginnings with religious compositions in a strict style.

Of return in its birthplace, in 1814, where it occupied a station with the church of Santa Maria Maggiore, it could not however resist the attraction of the scene a long time tested by all the Italian type-setters and, five years later, it made represent its first opera, Enrico di Borgogna , with Venice.

It obtained a success of regard, while several among the 19 other written operas of 1818 with 1828 Ajo nell' imbarazzo , Elvira , Alfredo Large the , Olivo E Pasquale . Alahor in Granada , Chiara E Serafino , (inter alia), obtained a greater success.

It obtained its first true “triumph” in 1828 with Naples with Esule di Roma .

Helped by a creativity and a not very common labor force, it connected successes then, of Naples with Genoa. It made represent with Milan in 1831 Anna Bolena .

In 1834, Donizetti was named choirmaster and professor of composition to the academy of Naples, then, in 1836, Master of counterpoint to the same academy.

It came in 1835 to Paris where it gave Marino Faliero ; it composed the same year in Naples, in six weeks, the Lucia di Lammermoor , its masterpiece, which made soon the round the world tour

In 1838, after the death of Zingarelli, director of the academy, it chooses to leave Naples and to go to settle with Paris. Collaborating with Eugene Scribe, it created a series of operas of which some became traditional world lyric repertory:

the Martyrs , opera drawn from the Polyeucte of Crow, which, in spite of males beauties, had few representations; ( Poliuto , 1840)
the Girl of the regiment (1840)
Favorite the (1840)
Rita or the Husband beaten (1841)
Gift Pasquale (1843)
Dom Sebastien (1843), vast work which he had written in two months.

Of 1842 with 1846, Donizetti did not cease travelling, mainly between Paris, the Italian big cities (Naples, Rome, Bologna, Milan, Venice) and Vienna (where it was named choirmaster of the court in 1842).

Its vibrating life and its spirit never in rest, ransom of its plentiful creativity, led to its internment in 1846 with the lunatic asylum of Ivry-sur-Seine, close to Paris. In 1847, it was transferred in a private hospital from its birthplace, Bergamo, where it died in 1848.

In addition to 71 operas, Donizetti is also the author of 13 symphonies, 18 quartets, 3 quintets, 28 cantatas, 115 other compositions religious, without counting a big number of other parts of chamber music, oratorios and “part of living room”.

Donizetti had a brother much younger than him, Giuseppe, born in 1814, which was a long time military director of music of the sultan with Constantinople, where he died in 1856. It made better be up to all the tricks Western in the Ottoman Empire and popularized there steps, parts for piano and Lieder .

Operas

It Pigmalione (compound in 1816, created on October 13rd, 1960 in Teatro Donizetti, Bergamo)
Enrico di Borgogna (first on November 14th, 1818 in Teatro San Luca with Venice)
Una follia (first on December 17th, 1818 in Teatro San Luca in Venice) (lost work)
the nozze in villa (first about 1821 (?) in Teatro Vecchio with Mantoue)
It falegname di Livonia, ossia Pietro it large (first on December 26th, 1819 have Teatro San Samuele in Venice)
Zoraïda di Granata (first on January 28th, 1822 with the Teatro Argentina with Rome)
will zingara It (first on May 12th, 1822 in Teatro Nuovo with Naples)
will lettera It anonima (first on June 29th, 1822 in Teatro del Fondo in Naples)
Chiara E Serafina, ossia I pirati (first on October 26th, 1822 in Teatro went Scala to Milan)
Alfredo it large (first on July 2nd, 1823 with the Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
It fortunato inganno (first on September 3rd, 1823 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples)
Zoraïda di Granata (first on January 7th, 1824 in Teatro Argentina in Rome)
Ajo nell' imbarazzo (first on February 4th, 1824 Teatro Valle in Rome)
Emilia di Liverpool (first on July 28th, 1824 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples) ( Eremitaggio di Liverpool )
Alahor in Granata (first on January 7th, 1826 in Teatro Carolino with Palermo)
Gift Gregorio '' Ajo nell' imbarazzo '' (first on June 11th, 1826 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples)
Elvida (first on July 6th, 1826 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Gabriella di Vergy (1826; rejoué on November 29th, 1869 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples) (Gabriella)
Olivo E Pasquale (first on January 7th, 1827 in Teatro Valle in Rome)
Olivo E Pasquale (first on September 1st, 1827 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples)
Otto mesi in due ore (first on May 13rd, 1827 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples) ( Gli esiliati in Siberia )
It borgomastro di Saardam (first on August 19th, 1827 in Teatro del Fondo in Naples)
the convenienze teatrali (first on November 21st, 1827 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples)
the esule di Roma, ossia It proscritto (first on January 1st, 1828 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Emilia di Liverpool (first on March 8th, 1828 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples)
Alina, Regina di Golconda (first on May 12th, 1828 in Teatro Carlo Felice with Genoa)
Gianni di Calais (first on August 2nd, 1828 in Teatro del Fondo in Naples)
It bet (first on January 12th, 1829 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
It giovedi grasso (first on February 26th, 1829 (?) in Teatro del Fondo in Naples) ( It Nuovo Pourceaugnac )
Elisabetta Al castello di Kenilworth (first on July 6th, 1829 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Alina, Regina di Golconda (first on October 10th, 1829 in Teatro Valle in Rome)
I pazzi per progetto (first on February 6th, 1830 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
It diluvio universale (first on February 28th, 1830 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Imelda de Lambertazzi (first on September 5th, 1830 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Anna Bolena (first on December 26th, 1830 in Teatro Carcano in Milan)
the convenienze ED inconvenienze teatrali off the convenienze teatrali (first on April 20th, 1831 in Teatro Canobbiana in Milan)
Gianni di Parigi (compound in 1831; created on September 10th, 1839 in Teatro Scala went to Milan)
Francesca di Foix (first on May 30th, 1831 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
will romanziera It E the uomo nero (first on June 18th, 1831 in Teatro del Fondo in Naples) (the booklet was lost)
Fausta (first on January 12th, 1832 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Ugo, tale di Parigi (first on March 13rd, 1832 in Teatro went Scala to Milan)

to elisir It of amore (first on May 12th, 1832 in Teatro Canobbiana in Milan)
Sancia di Castiglia (first on November 4th, 1832 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
It furioso ale insulated di San Domingo (first on January 2nd, 1833 in Teatro Valle in Rome)
Otto mesi in due ore (created in 1833 with Leghorn)
Parisina (first on March 17th, 1833 in Teatro della Pergola with Florence)
Torquato Tasso (first on September 9th, 1833 in Teatro Valle in Rome)
Lucrèce Borgia (first on December 26th, 1833 to Teatro went Scala to Milan)
It diluvio universale (first on January 17th, 1834 in Teatro Carlo Felice in Genoa)
Rosmonda d' Inghilterra (first on February 27th, 1834 in Teatro della Pergola with Florence)
Maria Stuarda (first on October 18th, 1834 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples) (Buondelmonte)
Gemma di Vergy (first on October 26th, 1834 in Teatro went Scala to Milan)
Maria Stuarda (first on December 30th, 1835 in Teatro went Scala to Milan)
Marin Faliero (first on March 12th, 1835 with the Theater-Italian with Paris)
Lucia di Lammermoor (first on September 26th, 1835 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Belisario (first on February 4th, 1836 in Teatro Fenice in Venice)
It campanello di notte (first on June 1st, 1836 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples)
Betly, O the capanna will svizzera (first on August 21st, 1836 in Teatro Nuovo in Naples)
the assedio di Calais (first on November 19th, 1836 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Pia de' Tolomei (first on February 18th, 1837 in Teatro Apollo in Venice)
Pia de' Tolomei (first on July 31st, 1837 with Sinigaglia)
Betly (first (?) September 29th, 1837 in Teatro del Fondo in Naples)
Roberto Devereux (first on October 28th, 1837 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Maria de Rudenz (first on January 30th, 1838 in Teatro Fenice in Venice)
Gabriella di Vergy (compound in 1838; 8.1978 recording, London)
Poliuto (created in 1838; played on November 30th, 1848 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Pia de' Tolomei 2 (first on September 30th, 1838 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Lucie de Lammermoor of Lucia di Lammermoor (first on August 6th, 1839 with the Theater of the Rebirth in Paris)
the Pile cluster (compound in 1839; created on March 22nd, 1882 in Teatro Apollo in Rome) ( It Duca d' Alba )
Lucrèce Borgia (first on January 11th, 1840 in Teatro went Scala to Milan)
Poliuto (first on April 10th, 1840 with the Opera of Paris) ( the Martyrs )
the Girl of the regiment (first on February 11th, 1840 in the Op3era Comique in Paris)
the Angel of Nisida (created in 1839)
Lucrèce Borgia 2 (first on October 31st, 1840 with the Theater-Italian in Paris)
Favorite the off the angel of Nisida (first on December 2nd, 1840 withOpera of Paris)
Adelia (February 11th, 1841 in Teatro Apollo, Rome)
Rita, or the husband beaten (compound in 1841; created on May 7th, 1860 in the Op3era Comique, Paris)
Maria Padilla (first on December 26th, 1841 in Teatro went Scala to Milan)
Linda di Chamounix (first on May 19th, 1842 in Kärntnertortheater with Vienna)
Linda di Chamounix (first on November 17th, 1842 with the Theater-Italian in Paris)
Caterina Cornaro (first on January 18th, 1844 in Teatro San Carlo in Naples)
Don Pasquale (first on January 3rd, 1843 with the Theater-Italian in Paris)
Maria di Rohan (first on June 5th, 1843 in Kärntnertortheater in Vienna)
Dom Sebastien (first on November 13rd, 1843 withOpera of Paris)
Dom Sebastien (first on February 6th, 1845 in Kärntnertortheater in Vienna)

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