Gabriel Hanotaux

Gabriel Albert Auguste Hanotaux is a Diplomate, Historien and Politician French (classified on the right) born with Beaurevoir (Aisne) the November 19th 1853 and died with Paris the April 11th 1944.

Biography

Gabriel Hanotaux studied with the École of the charters, and became university lecturer with the practical École of the high studies in 1880. In 1879, it integrated the executives of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs like secretary-assistant and climbs the levels of the diplomatic career one by one. It is used in particular as embassy secretary for Constantinople.

He is elected appointed Aisne in 1886 but is beaten in 1889. He militates in the republican camp at the side of Leon Gambetta and Jules Ferry, of which he will be the principal private secretary when this one is named president of the Council in 1890. In 1892, it is charged to negotiate with Sir Charles Tupper, high commissioner from Canada in London, a commercial treaty between France and Canada which will be signed the following year.

May 31st, 1894, he becomes Foreign Minister in the government of Charles Dupuy. He remains it until June 14th, 1898 with however an interruption during the government Alexandre Ribot from January 26th to November 2nd, 1895. Being wary with regard to the England, it attempts to create a European continental block able to compete with England by establishing a solid alliance between France, Germany and Russia, and fights without slackening the will of revenge against Germany. The Affaire Dreyfus will make these efforts illusory. He also pleads for a development policy in Africa, being in particular made lawyer of the railroad transafricain.

He is again Foreign Minister of 1896 to 1898 in the government Jules Méline. He attempts to reinforce the links between France and the Russia, and accompanies the president Felix Faure in official visit with Saint-Pétersbourg. The incident of Fachoda in July 1898 is directly related to its African policy and its distrust with regard to England.

In 1909, he is the president-founder of the Comité France-America. He will be the instigator of several missions of which it: Mission Champlain (1912), the Mission Fayolle (1921) and the Mission Jacques Cartier.

Delegated France to the Société of the Nations it takes part in the first (November 15th - December 18th, 1920), second (September 5th - October 5th, 1921), third (September 4th - September 30th, 1922) and fourth (September 3rd - September 29th, 1923) general meetings. He is opposed in particular to the admission Esperanto like working language of the Company of the Nations.

Gabriel Hanotaux published various historical works of which most known and most important is the Histoire of the cardinal of Richelieu (2 vol., 1888). He is also the author of a test of reference on the Origines of the institution of the intendants of the provinces (1884) and of a contemporary French history (1871-1900) (1903-1908) which is traditional. He also published the Instructions of the ambassadors of France has Rome, since the treaties of Westphalia (1888).

He was elected with the French Academy with the armchair 29 on April 1st 1897 and with the Académie of Rouen the March 8th 1901.

Works

found Cities (1881)
Origins of the institution of the intendants of the provinces, according to the new documents (1884)
Henri Martin, his life, his works, its time, 1810-1883 (1885)
historical Studies over XVIe and the XVIIe century in France (1886)
Collected instruction given to the ambassadors and to ministers of France: since the treaties of Westphalia until the French revolution (1888-1913)
Test on freedoms of the Church gallicane since the origins until the reign of Louis XIV (1888)
Note on the maternal family of Jean of the Fountain (Pidoux of Poitou and the Ile-de-France) (1889)
Paris in 1614 (1890)
History of the cardinal of Richelieu (1893-1903)
Men of 1889 (1893)
the Business of Madagascar (1896)
Table of France in 1614, France and royalty front Richelieu (1898)
the Seine and quays, walks of a bibliophile (1901)
Of the Choice of a career (1902)
French Energy (1902)
contemporary French history, 1871-1900 (1903-1908)
Latin Peace (1903)
the youth of Balzac. Balzac printer 1825-1828, with Georges Vicar Paris, A. Ferroud, 1903, 1st edition. Bookstore of the Amateurs, A. Ferroud, F. Ferroud, 1921. The part “Balzac printer” counts and describes all the books printed by Balzac in its printing works.

the Division of Africa: Fachoda (1909)

the Democracy and work (1910)

the flower of the French stories (1911)

Jeanne d' Arc (1911)

a Franco-American commemoration. For large French, Champlain (1912)

diplomatic Studies. The Policy of balance, 1907-1911 (1912)

History of the French nation (1913)

alive France. In North America (1913)

diplomatic Studies. 2nd series. The war of Balkans and Europe, 1912-1913 (1914)

the martyrdoms Cities. Cliffs of Aisne (1915)

During the Great War, I (August-December 1914): diplomatic studies and histories (1916)

the Enigma of Charleroi (1917)

Aisne during the Great War (1919)

Circuits of the battle fields of France, history and routes of the Great War (1919)

Of the history and the historians (1919)

the Treaty of Versailles of June 28th, 1919. Germany and Europe (1919)

Joffre (with the Fabry lieutenant-colonel) (1921)

the Battle of the Marne (1922)

Georges Vicar. 1853-1921 (1922)

illustrated History of the war of 1914 - Full text (1924)

Bibliophiles (1924)

the General Mangin (1925)

Rebirth of Provence. Provence niçoise (1928)

History of the French colonies and the expansion of France in the world (1929-1934)

the Foch Marshal or the man of war (1929)

Glances on Egypt and Palestine (1929)

In Belgium by the devastated countries (1931)

History of the Egyptian nation (1931-1940)

old Religious art in the county of Nice and in Provence (1932)

In connection with the history (with Paul Valéry) (1933)

My time (1935-1947)

For the colonial Empire French (1935)

Raymond Poincaré (1935)