Géhenne

The Ford of Hinnom (litt. of the son of Hinnom, Héb. גיאבןהנם or גיאבןהנום) is a place mentioned for the first time in. Originally, it was about a dump in a narrow and deep valley, where fires were continuously fed in order to burn waste and to maintain them on a bottom grade.
C' was also there that the corpses of criminals carried out, or individuals to which one did not grant the right to be buried (what, in the Judaïsme, is an extreme situation, quasi-synonymous the preceding one). Time of Jérémie, which furiously inveighs those which are devoted to this idolatry, one venerated Moloch there.
Ce place was then regarded as distant from Jerusalem, which differentiates it from the other places where one devoted oneself to worships " étrangers".

It is generally considered that the valley of which it is question passes to the East of the current Old city, the south of the Sion mount and emerges with the Cardon river.

Géhenne is currently regarded as synonym d'" enfer" , although the three abrahamic religions do not share the same points of view on the nature of this " enfer".

The Ford Hinnom in the Hebraic Bible

The valley of Hinnom, whose products of combustion release a permanent odor (probably of Sulfur dioxide) is mentioned in several places in the Tanakh, in particular, and especially Jérémie (7: 31; 32: 35 and 19:2 - 15, reproduced below).
Le Prophète inveighs there Jérusalémites delivering to the worship idols and the perpetration of abomination S, predicting destruction of Jerusalem:

Jeremy 19:2 - 15 (version Louis Segond 1910)

19:2 Go in the valley of Ben Hinnom, who is at the entry of the door of the pottery; and there, you will publish the words that I will say to you.
19: 3 You will say: Listen to the word of the Éternel, kings of Juda, and you, inhabitants of Jerusalem! Thus speaks the Eternal about the armies, the God of Israel: Here, I will make come on this place a misfortune which will daze the ears of whoever will intend some to speak.
19: 4 They gave up me, they profaned this place, They offered Encens to it to other gods, that neither they knew, neither their fathers, nor kings de Juda, and they filled this place of innocent Sang;
19: 5 They built high places with Baal, to burn their children with fire in holocausts with Baal: What I neither had ordered nor prescribed, Which had not come to Me to the thought.
19: 6 This is why here, the days come, says the Eternal, Where this place will not be called any more Tophet and valley of Ben Hinnom, But where it will be called Vallée of the Carnage.
19: 7 I will destroy in this place the council of Juda and Jerusalem; I will make them fall by the sword in front of their enemies, and by the hand of those which want some with their life; I will give their corpses grazes about it with the birds of the sky and the animals of the ground.
19: 8 I will make this city an object of desolation and mockery; All those which will pass close to it will be in the astonishment and will whistle on all its wounds.
19: 9 I will make them eat the flesh of their sons and the flesh of their daughters, and the ones will eat the flesh of the others, in the middle of the anguish and of the distress where their enemies and those will reduce which want some with their life.
19: 10 You will break then the vase, under the eyes of the men who will have gone with you.
19: 11 And you will say to them: Thus the Eternal speaks about the armies: Thus I will break these people and this city, as a vase of potter is broken, without it being able to be restored. And one will bury deaths with Tophet owing to lack of place to bury.
19: 12 Thus I will make with this place, known as the Eternal, and with his inhabitants, and I will make this city similar to Tophet.
19: The 13 houses of Jerusalem and the houses of kings de Juda will be impure like the place of Tophet; all houses on the roofs of which one offered incense to all the army of the skies, and one made drinkings with other gods.

Jérémie 19:14 returned from Tophet, where the Eternal had sent it to prophesy. Then it was held in the square of the house of the Eternal, and it says to all the people:
19: 15 Ainsi speaks the Eternal about the armies, God of Israel: Here, I will make come on this city and all the cities which depend on it all misfortunes that I predicted to him, because they stiffened their neck, not to listen to my words.

The abomination in question is the sacrifice of Enfant S with fires of Géhenne. Josias is opposed to it formally (, although Baal is not directly mentioned there, according to Rachi, Tophet (תופת) is Moloch: according to this commentator, the priests of Moloch covered the cries of the children by beating skins of drum -- Tophim תופים).

Guehinnom in the rabbinical Judaism

Rather well defined in the rabbinical Literature, Géhenne does not represent with the eyes of the Juifs what is the Hell with the eyes of the Christians.
Il acts of a place, describes like an anteroom (or a way of entry ) for all the hearts (and not the only perverse ones). One is judged there for his acts during the life. God is not " absent" (as in the Christian hell), and one does not remain there for one duration maximum twelve months, except extremely rare exceptions like Elisha Ben Avouya, to be purified in the sight of Monde to come ( heb. עולםהבא olam haba; sometimes regarded as the paradise).
La Kabbale also describes the heart in Géhenne, " cassant" as the flame of a candle lights another of them: part of the heart is purified and " remonte" with the creator, the other reappears (Gilgoul) in order to repair its faults (Tikkoun).

Géhenne in New Testament

Guehinnom finds a dozen time in the New Testament: Matthieu 5:29 - 30, and is almost always returned by the word Enfer .

The géhenne is commonly synonymous with tortures, of intense sufferings. For others, like the Pilot of Jéhovah, it is the symbol of a total, complete destruction.

Géhenne in Islam

Géhenne in Islam is synonymous with hell. It is a place where fire never dies out and where after the last judgment (Qiyamah or Yawm has dines), the people of which the number of ill deeds exceeds the good deeds, are condemned to burn eternally.

History

In the time of Jesus, Géhenne was the garbage dump of Jerusalem. One burned the refuses while adding to it of sulfur so that fire never dies out. The corpses of criminals and animals were thrown there.

Géhenne was located in the valley of Hinnom in the ancient Jerusalem.

Symbol of the Hell

The fire of Géhenne became the symbol of a total, complete destruction for the Witnesses of Jéhovah. For others, like the Catholic church, it carries the idea that this place is that of inexpressible sufferings.

Certain translators made the term Greek by Enfer . A confusion in the direction first of the word Enfer exists then, the hell of the Old Testament, Shéol, fall common to the men is not the same thing as Géhenne.

It is the same word which also indicates the hell in Islam.

See too

Tophet, name of a place close to Jerusalem
Valley of Hinnom
the Hell
the Hadès

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