Fund of eye

In Ophthalmology, the bottom of eye is a simple examination making it possible to examine the retina, namely the Rétine and its vessels, the optical papilla (head of the optical nerve), mackled it.

Method

The bottom of eye requires to observe the retina through the cornea, the Cristallin and the vitreous body. There exist several methods which differ by their degree of accuracy:

- with the direct or indirect ophthalmoscope, there are not a mydriase (dilation of the pupil) necessary but the observation is surface.

- with the rétinographe nonmydriatic, the observation precise is excluded that of the peripheral retina.

- with the biomicroscope (or lamp with slit), with which one the best observation, one obtains must dilate the Pupille by means of a Collyre (known as “mydriatic”). The ophthalmologist interposes between the eye and the biomicroscope glass with three mirrors (known as " of Goldmann") after having poured in its cup a couplant fluid, methyl cellulose. Glass with three mirrors allows the complete observation, from every angle, of the retina. In certain cases it is the lens of Volk (without contact with the cornea) which is used.

Results

  • Papilla: it is the birthplace of the Optical nerve which transmits the nervous information collected by the retina towards the zones of the Cerveau responsible for the image processing. The papilla resembles a yellowish disc. One measures the size of the physiological excavation (small depression in the center of the papilla), and the relationship between the diameter of the excavation and that of the papilla (usually 1,5 mm).

  • Mackled: it is a capital element of the retina, person in charge of the fine vision: it comprises only cones and the pigmentary epithelium is very fine. Its diameter is normally of 1,5 mm, it is increased in the event of macular edema.

  • Artery S and retinal Vein S: The arteries are more hails than the veins. The central Artère of the retina is divided into 4 branches: 2 temporal branches (lower and higher), 2 nasal branches (lower and higher). The veins, dark and sinuous are drained by the central vein of the retina.

  • Remainder of the retina: its color must be homogeneous, pink-orange, without anomalies (Hémorragie S, spots, deposits, néo-vessels).

Pathologies dépistables by the bottom of eye

Random links:Megumi Takani | Lamp with plasma | Runaway Daughters (film, 1994) | Yinghuo | Fourteenth district of North | Gardendale,_Alabama