Full-contact
This form of Boxe foot-fists is called Kickboxing abroad (in particular " kickboxing without Low-kick "), except in France. Consequently, one will not find this discipline sporting on Wikipedia in English and even less " box américaine" who is a purely French name of the end of the year 1970.
Nevertheless, certain international federations of boxings foot-fists use this expression to distinguish it from the Kick-boxing with Low-kick S and blows of knee. What is the case for the more important organizations: WKA (World Karate Association), ISKA (International Sport Kickboxing Association), WAKO (World Association off KickBoxing Organizations) and the WKN (World KickBoxing Network).
In France: One (E) practitioner (E) of Full-contact is called one (E) Fulleur ().
CAUTION: in France, the French federation of Full-contact (FF) assumes, since January 2007, according to a public service delegation returned by a ministerial decree of November 2006, the management of the twin discipline known as of American Boxe . Nevertheless since the years 1990, another structure organizes the activity: the Federation of American Boxing (FBA-DA).
History
Also called American in France boxes since 1978 according to ministerial directives, of its name of origin the full-contact karate is a sport of combat resulting from a mode of competition of the type boxes with the feet and the fists. This form of confrontation authorizes as its name indicates it the striking of Full-contact. It was born in a context where the competitions of martial arts (in particular the sporting Karaté) required a control of the percussion. It was influenced by tournaments martial arts of the years 1960 (Karate, Kempo, etc) and of Boxes foot-fists established in the USA (Burmese Boxe or Bando kickboxing and Boxing inhabitant of Thailand or Thai Muay). The full-contact thus will be the place of a deepening of striking “full-impact” and, whereas the techniques resulted from karate, the techniques of fists soon will include the specificity of the English Boxe. Same manner the use of expanded material protections for feet and fists will leave room to thicker boxing gloves (on the request of the movie actor of the years 1970, Bruce Lee, Jhoon Rhee invents protections for the “Semi-contact” and the “full-contact”. This last is the pioneer of the Korean Karaté in the USA and trainer of the champion of Karaté and full-contact of the years 1970, Jeff Smith).
Regulation
As any sport, the full-contact is defined by a regulation which lays down its methods of action and thus specificity determines some. The boxers use their fists according to the methods of the English Boxe and cannot thus strike that with the top of the belt. The techniques of leg are they also prohibited under the belt (the Low-kick S) but the Balayages on the foam slipper remain possible. It is what gives to American boxing its specificity since it prohibits a work of striking in the legs and requires the constant capacity to carry techniques of leg to the top of the line of the hips. These lawful constraints make a discipline of it having a specific strategy from the sportif.point of view The name of " box américaine" in Europe gathers in fact three disciplines: First of all the " full contact" (full-impact) which complies with the rules described above. Then the Light-contact which takes again the rules of the full-contact but where the power of the blows must imperatively be controlled. The K.O is prohibited there, it is the controlled technique which is privileged and the winner is that which reached the greatest number of targets. Finally the Semi-contact or " points-fighting " , which resembles much more the sporting Karaté. The adversaries face and must touch the other to mark points. The number of points varies according to the place which was reached. With each time a point was marked, the duel is stopped and the referee announces the successful keys.
Technique
The punches are taken again English Boxe, the kicks are identical to those of the Martial arts and can be related to the head and the bust.
Techniques of fist
Usual punches
- Direct or Straight-punch in English: direct punch. It is of form, swabbed, whipped or balance-pier. Nuances: the Jab is direct with small race, whereas the Lead is direct with great race powerful and heavy. One also finds the Direct court used with the body with body which approaches a horizontal Uppercut.
- Hook or Hook ( Hook-punch ) in English: circular punch (hooked). There exist other forms of circular blows: the Swing (also called stick-punch ) and the Half-swing .
- Uppercut : punch going up (or Rising Punch ). It is classified in the category of the circular blows, which is not always the case.
Less practiced punches
- Drop : punch going down (plunging).
- Cross-country race-counter is presented as a against which crosses the unfavourable arm. For that, the technique most often used is the Direct or the Drop.
- Back-fist *: punch of reverse (also called “English reverse”).
- Spinning back-fist *: punch of turned over reverse (balanced).
Hybrid punches
- Bolo-punch : circular punch carried out with 45° and sent upwards. It is a technique known as “mixed” halfway between the Uppercut and the Crochet.
- Semi-hook : “mixed” blow halfway between a Hook and a Direct .
- Semi-uppercut : “mixed” blow halfway between a Uppercut and a Direct and which reaches, generally, the unfavourable bust. It resembles a Direct court tonic.
Techniques of leg
Usual kicks
- Face-kick : direct kick (hips of face) - it is of form " pistonnée" , Push-kick (Pushing-kick) or of form " fouettée" ( Face snap-kick ).
- Side-kick : direct kick (hips on side) - it is of form " pistonnée".
- Semi-circular - kick or semicircular in French: also forty five dismantle roundhouse-kick . Kick of the category of the techniques known as circular. It is carried out the hips of face by a pendular motion of the lower extremity around the hip (movement of closing of the thigh on the trunk) to which can be combined a sharp extension of the knee. To the image of the circular kicks, it aims usually the side targets of the body.
- Roundhouse-kick : circular kick - in line of centers (level of the trunk) or middle-kick and in high line (level of the head) or high-kick .
- Hook-kick : hooked kick (hips of face or profile).
- Back-kick : back kick (hips of back).
- Sweeping : kick of Sweeping only on the slipper of boxing (principal forms: sweeping with the spoon, the ladle or hooked). There exist sweepings revolving (type roundhouse-kick ) and turned over (standard spinning hook-kick ).
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