Fulgencio Batista

See also: Batista

Rubén Fulgencio Batista Zaldívar (January 16th 1901 - August 6th, 1973) was there a Militaire and a Politician Cuba in. The Batista general was the 3eminence grise of the military Junte which directed Cuba of 1933 to 1940 and the president of the republic of Cuba of 1940 with 1944. He returns to the capacity following a Coup d'etat in 1952 and is elected without opposition like Head of State in 1954.

He is driven out capacity and country in 1959 by the revolution castrist directed by Fidel Castro which set up a new dictatorship.

Biography

Fulgencio Batista Zaldívar is born there with Banes in the province from Santiago (now Oriente) to Cuba the January 16th 1901, less than 3 years after its native soil was released from the Spanish influence and less than two years before it becomes an independent republic.

His/her father, Belisario Batista Palerma, were a simple peasant. His/her two parents died before it reaches the 13 years age. It then left the school to become apprentice dressmaker. Fulgencio worked in productions of Cannes to sugar for then studying with an aim of becoming barber. Finally, it engaged in the Armée at age the 20 years.

Whereas Fulgencio was a simple sergeant of the army, he played a decisive part in " the revolt of the sergents" of 1933, consequence of a deep existing dissatisfaction in the army concerning their wages, their evolution of career and their material conditions.

The military conspiracy carried out by the sergeant Pablo Rodriguez leads to the inversion of the dictatorial government of then and the installation of a government known as “Hundred days”.

The January 15th 1934, a military Junte chaired by colonel Batista reverses the provisional government and sets up a mode pro-American. If Batista does not have functions in the organic hierarchy of the government, it is, as a chief of staff, 3eminence grise of the successive presidents Carlos Mendieta and Miguel Mariano Gomez and the true Master of Cuba.

It introduces a Constitution modelled on that of the the United States and, candidate of the social democrat coalition, including/understanding the cuban communist old party, it is elected itself chair the July 14th 1940 vis-a-vis Ramón Grau San Martín of the cuban revolutionary Party.

In 1944, it tries to renew its mandate but is beaten by its old adversary, Ramón Grau San Martín.

Fulgencio Batista took its distances during the eight years which followed, taking refuge in Florida with the the United States of 1945 with 1949.

In 1948, it nevertheless is elected senator with the Sénat of Cuba.

In 1952, it is presented again to the elections but the Sondage S then published are definitely unfavourable for him, placing it behind Roberto Agramonte and Aurelio Hevia.

Strongly hostile in particular with the announced nomination of colonel Ramón Barquín to the head of the armed forces of Cuba, Batista foments a Coup d'etat which takes place the March 10th 1952, supported by a nationalist fringe of the army.

During two years, he is the president by interim. If the new government is quickly recognized by several countries, whose United States, it is however disputed inside. Thus, in 1953, of the rebels carried out by a lawyer, Fidel Castro, try without success to take by storm the Caserne of Moncada, with Santiago of Cuba. Three partisans of Castro die in the combat, 68 others are carried out summarily. Castro itself is stopped but profits from an intervention of the Archevêque of Santiago which avoids the execution to him. Two years later, it is amnestied by Batista and is exiled.

In 1954, Batista is made elect president of the republic without opposition after the withdrawal of the former president Ramon Grau San Martin who calls with the Boycott, to protest against the Corruption of the mode.

Poverty does not cease increasing whereas the Jeu and the Prostitution, controlled by the North-American gangs, develop in proportions never yet reached.

Castro returns to Cuba as of December 1956 and takes again his revolutionary activities to deposit Batista, constant by a growing number of the population, in particular in the province of Oriente.

In May 1958, Batista launches 12.000 men against the guerilla castrist at the time of " the offensive of été" who fails three months later. Castro then carries out a counter-offensive which leads to a Civil war along the Sierra Maestra in the east until the center of the country, preventing from carrying out the seasonal harvest of the cane with sugar.

The leading class then gives up Batista which it makes responsible for the deterioration of the economic situation and social. The December 28th 1958, part of the population of Santa Clara brings its assistance to the guerillas. In the days which follow, they seize great quantities of weapons and the strategic points of the city.

January 1st, 1959, Fulgencio Batista flees with Saint-Domingue. Its departure is followed by the entry to Havana of a few thousands of guerillas in favor of Fidel Castro.

A new president in the person of Manuel Urrutia is named whereas Fidel Castro is named commander-in-chief of the army then Prime Minister the February 16th 1959.

Batista initially passed the remainder of its life in Exil to the Portugal then in Spain to Guadalmina where he died the August 6th 1973.

Works of Batista

  • 1939 : Estoy idiot el Pueblo , Havana.
  • 1960: Repuesta . Handbook León Sánchez S.C.L., Mexico City.
  • 1961: Piedras there leyes , Mexico City.
  • 1962: Cuba Betrayed . Vantage Close, New York ASIN B0007DEH9A
  • 1962: To Rule is to Foresee ASIN B0007IYHK4
  • 1964 : The Growth and Declines off the Cuban Republic , Company Soothsayer-Adair, New York. ISBN 0-8159-5614-2

External bonds

  • the accession with the capacity of Batista in 1952

Be-X-old: ФульхэнсіёБатыста Simple: Fulgencio Batista

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