Fritz Joubert Duquesne

Frederick “Fritz” Joubert Duquesne , born in the Colony of the Cape the September 21st 1877 and died in New York the May 24th 1956, was a South-African naturalized American in 1913, resulting from the community afrikaner, Soldat Boer during the Guerre of Boers which was inter alia Journaliste and war correspondent. Moved by a true British hatred of the S which it reproached the Massacre of all its family during the Guerre of Boers, its combat initially brings it to Espion ner for the account of the latter then on behalf of the Germany during the two world wars and to make acts of Sabotage.

Of its code name black panther , it asserted being the indirect author of died of Lord Kitchener by announcing to a German Sous-marin the situation of ship HMS Hampshire in 1916 on board of which was the British marshal and who ran with broad Ireland.

Biography

Fritz Joubert Duquesne was born with East London in the colony from the Cape but it is with Nylstroom in the Republic of South Africa of Transvaal where his/her parents had a Ferme that it passed its childhood and its adolescence. His/her uncle was Piet Joubert, a hero of the war against English in 1881 and the commander-general of the army of the Republic of South Africa.

To the 17 years age, Fritz Joubert Duquesne is sent to continue higher learning with the Université of London. It continues its studies with the royal military academy of Brussels.

When the Guerre of Boers begins in 1899, it returns in South Africa to join the Commando S boers. Wounded at the time of the seat of Ladysmith, it is promoted captain of artillery of the army boer. Fact captive by the British at the time of the Battle of Colenso, it succeeds in escaping and joining Durban. It still takes part in the side of Boers to the battle of Bergendal. After a strategic retirement with the Mozambique, it is made prisoner by the Portuguese which it internment with the camp of Caldas da Rainha, close to Lisbon. He manages to escape after having charmed the girl of the one of the guards and to join Paris. He embarks then in England where he enlists in the British army. In 1901, it is again in South Africa as an officer of the British army but in fact with the firm intention to sabotage the British military infrastructures of the Cape.

It is with the British army that it returns in Transvaal and discovers the farm of his parents completely destroyed by application of the Politique of the burned ground decided by Lord Kitchener. He learns in particular that his/her sister was killed and that his/her mother was dying in a Concentration camp builds by the British. Duquesne decides whereas it will kill Kitchener and will be avenged for the British.

It then organizes a commando whose objective is to kill Kitchener but it is stopped Net in his preparations by the treason of the wife of the one of her accomplices. Condemned to died for high treason, Fritz Joubert Duquesne escapes the execution from the sentence by giving the codes from recognition boers to the British. he is then condemned to the life imprisonment while the members of its commando are shot. It is with a small spoon that Fritz Joubert Duquesne managed to start at the end of a few nights the not very thick walls of its old prison and to dig a tunnel. Whereas it tries to escape, it is victim of a fall in the tunnel. A guard will find it unconscious and without serious wounds. It is then sent in a prison of the Bermuda from where it will manage this time to escape and to go to the stroke until Hamilton.

It receives the assistance of German sailors to live and Marie with Alice Wortley. Fritz refusing to have children, it will require of his wife to proceed to Avortement S. the couple will end up divorcing.

Duquesne settles then with New York where he works as journalist for the New York Herald. Duquesne having lost all its family lasting the war of Boers finished in 1902 by the British victory, it decides to require the American Nationalité which it obtains in December 1913. It will never return in its native land. He then knows a certain notoriety as journalist. he is correspondent war to Port Arthur during the Guerre Russo-Japanese woman or to the Morocco during the rebellion of the Rift. In 1910, he becomes the instructor of personal shooting of the president Theodore Roosevelt and accompanies it during its Safari in Africa.

In 1914, via a German industrial friend, it is recruited as spy with the service of the Germany. It goes to the Brésil where it takes part in the beginning of the First World War with the sabotage of 4 British ships, the " Salvador" , the " Pembrokeshire" and " Tennyson" , and the " Vauban".

In 1916, Duquesne is decorated with the Croix of iron to have taken part in the destruction of the HMS Hampshire which killed the Kitchener marshal. It is under the identity of a Russian sailor , Boris Zakrevsky, that Duquesne had been engaged aboard ship. According to the reports of the German services, Duquesne had succeeded in announcing to a German Sous-marin the position of the ship which had then sent it by the funds.

Duquesne is stopped in New York the November 17th 1917 for Fraude with the insurance concerning the invaluable stone loss aboard ships run with broad of the Brésil. The investigators discover at his place the plans of several ships, the directions for use to pose bombs and a letter of the German vice-consul to the Nicaragua thanking it for its services rendered to the German Reich. The British claimed his Extradition then.

Simulating a paralysis of the legs, Duquesne managed to delay its extradition and with being interned in a hospital penitentiary. The May 25th 1919, disguised as a woman, it managed to escape after having to saw the bars of its cell. It reappears one year later in Boston under the name of Frederick Craven , a reprocessed officer of the British army. It uses various identities during this period like Piet Niacud or even under its true name Fritz of Quesne hardly transformed.

It carries out an unstable life at that time. It is briefly agent for a cinematographic company belonging to Joseph Kennedy and writes his own autobiography with Clement Wood entitled the man who killed Kitchener and of which it sold the rights to a production company of cinema.

In 1932, Duquesne is betrayed by one of its mistresses is stopped by the Bureau off Investigation , the ancestor of FBI.

The British authorities required its extradition for Crime S in high-sea but the court challenged the request with the pretext that the facts, occurred in time of war, were juridically prescribed. It is released.

The June 28th 1941, Duquesne is again stopped by FBI for disclosure with the Nazi Germany of secrecies of states relating to national defense, in particular concerning the movements of ships. The January 2nd 1942, 33 people implied in the spy network directed by Fritz Joubert Duquesne are condemned by American justice to a 300 years total of prisons. During the lawsuit, Duquesne justified its action by its hatred against the British and revenge for what they had done with his country, his family and her people during the war of Boers.

He is condemned to 18 years of prison and carries out his sorrow with the Pénitencier of Leavenworth in the Kansas where he was victim ill treatments.

In 1954, after 14 years of prison, it is slackened for health reasons. It is poor which he dies at the 78 years age at the hospital of Welfare Island the May 24th 1956.

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