Friedrich List (1789 - 1846) is a German economist , partisan and theorist of the educational Protectionnisme.

Biography

Born with Reutlingen in the Bade-Wurtemberg, he teaches the political economy with Tübingen then Leipzig and Augsburg. In 1819, it takes part in Francfort-sur-le-Main with the foundation of the German Company of Industry and Trade, sensitized by the research solution in order to preserve the German industry of English competition. From 1825, exiled, it remains in the United States where it will on the occasion to meet Henry Clay, James Madison and Andrew Jackson and to study closely the policy of Alexander Hamilton which will ensure, by the same protectionist principles which had ensured the growth of England, the industrial development of the country. Returned to Prussia, it will be one of the theorists of the Zollverein and the construction of the railroads, which will be one of the factors of the victory of Prussia against France in 1870.

Its ideas

According to him, the national companies cannot develop if the Marché is already occupied by the companies of foreign countries economically more advanced. The “educational Protectionnisme” aims to protect on medium term the national market in order to allow on the long run a Libre-échange which is not with one way. Its theory thus relates to particularly the countries in the process of development.

It is also one of the principal initiators of the Customs union of 1834 ( Zollverein ) in Germany.

Friederich List, in its national system of the political economy (1841), was one of the first authors to divide the economic Histoire into stages.

At the time of its stay in the United States, he becomes admiror of the System of Political Economy American and will write the Grundriss DER amerikanischen politischen Ökonomie , which he published in the shape of letter with Charles J. Ingersoll in the National Gazette of Philadelphia, in 1827.