Freudo-Marxism

The freudo-Marxism indicates initially the theoretical bringings together between the Marxisme and the Psychanalyse, then the implications reciprocal - policies, social - of these two movements.

History

The Marxisme emerges in the medium and the psychoanalysis at the end of the 19th century. Certain Communists compare initially the psychoanalysis to a “declining biology”.

Otto Fenichel militated very early for the communist revolution, and became psychoanalyst in the Twenties. He created an independent circle of studies, Séminaire of children , where took place of the discussions as well as for the analytical technique as as for the communist revolution.

In 1927, the psychoanalyst Wilhelm Reich publishes the function of the orgasm , work in which he shows the psychoanalysts to yield with the ideals of the Capitalisme. Freud décrie then not theoretical and technical variations characterizing work and the practice reichienne. In 1928, Reich adheres to the Communist party. It founds then the socialist Company of information and sexual research. In 1929, it publishes dialectic Materialism and psychoanalysis . It is only following its political commitment that Freud will decide to take its distances with Reich, requiring for example so that the reader be warned political commitment of the latter.

In 1930, Wilhelm and Annie Reich join the Séminaire of children creates by Fenichel. In 1933, because of the divergences between W. Reich and Fenichel, the east group dissolves.

Edith Jacobson, psychoanalyst and militant social democrat, engages against the Nazis in the network Neu Beginnen . She however holds this hidden activity with the eyes of the International Psychoanalytical Association (IPA).

As from this same year Ernest Jones, then director of the International Psychoanalytical Association, will make alliance ave the Nazisme. In 1934, a vote takes place: Reich is excluded from the IPA. Fenichel itself voted in this direction, but the two men kept contact.

At this same period, Joseph Wortis, deeply on the left committed, starts an analysis with Freud itself.

Marie Langer, Marxist and psychoanalyst, takes part in the foundation of Asociacion Psicoanalitica Argentina, but decides to separate its militancy - in particular its bonds with the Argentinian Communist party - from its analytical practice.

In 1944, Wortis adheres to an association of Marxist psychiatrists. He will denounce the psychoanalysis, which starting from 1948 will be comparable by the international communist movement with a middle-class science .

In 1955, Herbert Marcuse, which was initially Marxist before being interested in the freudism, publishes Eros and Civilization , in which it indicates the Pleasure principle like only forces making it possible to fight against the established order. If it is indeed an inversion of the prospect freudienne, Marcuse then wishes to give again with the psychoanalysis its subversive statute.

According to Pierre Billouet, Michel Foucault is attached, with beginning of the year 70, the freudo-Marxism. But, always according to this author, it moves away from there soon.

In 1971, Marie Langer pronounces a conference in Vienna: Psychoanalysis and/or revolution . Hanna Segal will criticize it hard, refusing the publication of this conference. Langer resigned then of Asociacion Psicoanalitica Argentina, which slows down considerably the establishment of the psychoanalysis in this country.

In 1972, the psychoanalyst Felix Guattari and the philosopher Gilles Deleuze publish the Anti-Oedipus, in whom they describe capitalism like the true person in charge of the formation of the Oedipus complex .

In 1986, Mari Langer goes to Cuba, where it meets Fidel Castro and organizes a conference: the psychoanalysis and the suicide .

Outlines of the thoughts freudo-Marxists

References

See too

External bonds

dialectic Materialism and psychoanalysis according to Wilhelm Reich, Article of Thierry Simonelli appeared in Current Marx.
Thesis on the argumentation freudo-Marxist, by a doctorand of the University of Paris IV (document pdf)