French Cameroun

Cameroun, managed by France of 1916 to 1960 was a German protectorate placed by the company of the Nations under the Mandate then, under the supervision of France and not, as he is often written, a French colony. State specific to the particular status, Cameroun will not be integrated into Africa Equatoriale French although the model colonial and the methods of administration colonial will be applied to him.

Geography

History

Period of the mandate (1916 - 1945)

The France made Cameroun a Police station of the autonomous Republic, that is to say a territory not integrated into the AEF (French equatorial Africa).

The French authorities were given then for mission of making forget with the populations of the Cameroun which they had been under German Protectorat and to learn how to them to like the France and with becoming French. Several measurements were then taken to achieve this goal:

Teaching of French: the teaching of French was
Assimilation: the French authorities imposed the French legislation
Economic development: program of development of the economic resources of Cameroun.
Authority: policy of the indigénat, the common law is to the traditional chiefs but France keeps the seizure on justice and the police force
Développement of medicine: assumption of responsibility of the populations at the time of the great epidemics (like the case of the doctor Eugene Jamot in the fight against the Disease of the sleep)
Promotion of the francophile ones: Charles Atangana as of other indigenous chiefs were invited to go to France and Paul Soppo Priso was promoted president of the JEUCAFRA (Cameronian French Youth)
Destruction of the German vestiges: the French authorities got busy to destroy all the German vestiges and to mark their hostility at the place of all the populations germanophiles.

Period of supervision (1945-1960)

After the Second world war, UNO changes the statute of Cameroun which, of protectorate, becomes " put in tutelle" , but in spite of into the French Union like the other colonies is very integrated.

As of the years 1940, the colonial authorities encouraged agricultural diversification. It is the appearance of new cultures of revenue like the coffee in the west or cotton in north. The breeding and the exploitation of wood took a new dimension thanks to the new roads.

In 1946, a Parliament representative of Cameroun (ARCAM) was made up and Paul Ajoulat and Alexandre Douala Manga Bell became appointed with the French National Assembly.

This period sees the opening of new schools as well public as deprived and also of several secondary schools, of which the Leclerc college.

The colonial authorities started to send the best students to Dakar and in France to follow higher learning.

At that time, also the electrification and the water conveyance in the big cities start.

Into 1952, the assembly changes name east becomes territorial Assemblée of Cameroun (ATCAM).

In 1955, UPC, nationalist party of Marxist inspiration, which wanted the unification of the British Cameroun and of French Cameroun but also immediate independence is interdict following movements of violence.

In 1956, France grants autonomy interns and the assembly becomes legislative Assemblée of Cameroun (ALCM).

In 1957, André Marie Mbida becomes Prime Minister and Ahmadou Ahidjo becomes Prime Minister associated.

In spite of the intervention of Ruben Um Nyobe (chief of UPC), the new government refused to raise the prohibition which struck UPC. UPC takes the maquis then. In 1958, Mbida had to resign and Ahidjo replaces it. Um Nyobé is killed during a combat.

January 1st 1960, Cameroun under French supervision became independent and took the name of “Republic of Cameroun”.

Internal bonds

List of the leaders of French Cameroun

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