Freien

The freien are a group of intellectuals belonging to the Jeunes hégéliens which met in Berlin. Originally called Club of the doctors before 1842, it included/understood in particular Karl Marx. Marx left to Paris, the club of the doctors becomes the circle of the freien. The group joined together then mainly around Bruno Bauer. One counts Friedrich there Engels (but Marx and Engels meet in Paris), Ludwig Buhl, Karl Nauwerck, the editor Otto Wigand, Meyen, Köppen, and max Stirner. The freien met in establishments of drink in Berlin, in particular Hippel, a bar with wine. They discussed all the night of philosophy, religion and policy. They criticized the revealed religion and the church Lutheran, they sometimes exchanged very highly their point of view on the policy of the time and in particular the reign of Frederic-Guillaume IV of Prussia, Christianity, philosophy hégélienne and its practical application. One day of November 1842, Arnold Ruge proposed in Bruno Bauer and others " freien" to found a university; Bauer refused, affirming that its criticism (it had published various " critiques" , on the Gospels in particular) was to remain free and fluid. The interview became a dispute immortalized in the form of caricatural drawing by Engels in a " epopee héroïco-comique" entitled triumph of the faith , going back to 1842. The group ceased being active towards the end of the year 1840; that can be explained by the fact why their ideas and in particular famous the " critique" of Bruno Bauer had been exceeded and violently criticized by the book of max Stirner (unobtrusive member of the freien) the single one and its property . However, the freien did not set up truly a homogeneous ideological group, it was rather about the regrouping of various points of sights of the left hégéliennes (or young people hégéliens).

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