Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel
Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel (in German Landgraf Friedrich II. von Hessen-Kassel), born the August 14th 1720 with Cassel, deceased the October 31st 1785 with the castle of Weißenstein (öuis named Wilhelmshöhe) with Cassel.
It was Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel of 1760 with 1785.
Family
Wire of Guillaume VIII of Hesse-Cassel and Dorothée of Saxony-Zeist (Sachsen-Zeitz).
Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel married in 1740 Marie of Hanover (1723 - 1772), (girl of Georges II of Great Britain).
Three children were born from this union:
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Guillaume IX of Hesse, landgrave of Hesse-Cassel then like Guillaume I voter of Hesse, it married in 1764 Caroline of Denmark (1747 - 1820).
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Charles de Hesse-Cassel (1744 - 1836). He was Danish governor of the duchy of the Schleswig-Holstein and married in 1766 Louise of Denmark (1750 - 1831).
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Frederic de Hesse-Cassel (1747 - 1837). He married in 1786 Caroline of Nassau-Saarbrucken (1762 - 1823) (large father of Augusta of Cambridge)
Widower, it married in 1773 Filipino of Prussia and Brandebourg-Schwedt (1745 - 1800), girl of the margrave Frederic Guillaume de Brandebourg-Schwedt, First prince of Prussian blood, and Sophie Dorothée of Prussia, sister of the king Frederic Large the. Widow, Filipino married in 1794 the count of St Worsens Georges Ernest Levin de Wintzingerode (1752 - 1834), then minister of state and large chancellor of the king of Wurtemberg.
Biography
Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel made his studies with Geneva then with Lausanne. During the War of succession of Austria (1740 - 1748), it fought at the sides of Charles VII of the Holy roman Empire.
Into 1749, it is converted with Catholicism. This conversion had serious consequences for him. His wife left it with her three sons, it never revives Marie of Hanover as for her sons it revives them only in 1782.
In 1736, the last count of Hanau-Münzenberg, Johann Reinhard III von Hanau-Münzenberg died without heir. Previously, this one refused to bequeath its county to Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel converted with Catholicism. In 1754, Guillaume VIII of Hesse-Cassel forced his son to sign the Assekurationsakte Hesse dispossessing it of the county of Hanau-Münzenberg.
At the time of the War Seven Year old, Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel fought in the rows of the Prussian army until in 1760, date where it succeeded his father.
After the war, Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel made established in the langraviat of Hesse-Cassel of manufactures and industries. In 1779, it created the Fridericianum, first freely accessible museum in Europe. In 1777, it founded the Academy of Arts.
To finance his projects, Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel rented the soldiers of his army, prioritèrement with the England which used its troops for the Guerre of independence of the United States of America. Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel and other German princes often had recourse to this kind of practice. They lent to Georges III of the United Kingdom for the period of the war of America more than 20.000 soldiers. The loan of these soldtas were worth in Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel some critical.
Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel died of an apoplexy, it was buried in a Catholic church which it had made build. He is only prince de Hesse not to be buried with the Saint Martin's day church in Cassel.
Frederic II of Hesse-Cassel belonged to the first Maison of Hesse, itself resulting from the first branch of the House of the Brabant. This line of Hesse-Cassel is oldest of the branches of the House of Hesse. The current descendants of the first branch have as an ancestor his third Frederic wire. There is moreover the branch junior by the langraves of Hesse-Philippstal.
Internal bonds
External bonds and sources
Dewikipeida.org
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