France Televisions is a French audio-visual group, whose capital is exclusively held by the French State.
Constituted starting from the bringing together under a common presidency of the public televised chains France 2 (ex-Antenna 2) and France 3 (ex-France Areas 3), it includes in particular, France 5 (ex it Cinquième) since August 2nd, 2000, RFO (Network France Overseas) since July 9th, 2004, France O (ex RFO Sat) since February 25th, 2005 and France 4 (ex-Festival) since March 31st, 2005. These national companies of television programs (and broadcasting in the case of RFO) are subsidiary companies held entirely by France Televisions S.A. except for France 4 held by France Televisions S.A. (89%) and ARTE France (11%).
In 2007, the economic perimeter of the group includes/understands approximately 40 companies and employs nearly 11.000 people.
France Télévisions belongs to the European Union of radio-television (UER).
History of the group
ORTF with the common presidency
the second channel and the third chain of ORTF emitted respectively for the first time on April 18th
1964 and on December 31st
1972. January 6th
1975, following the dismantling of ORTF envisaged by the law n° 1974-469 of August 7th, 1974, the second channel becomes Antenne 2 (A2) and the third becomes France Areas 3 (FR3).
The decrees n° 1982-790 and 1982-791 of September 17th, 1982 transform Antenne 2 and France Areas 3 into national companies of television program. The law n° 1989-532 of August 2nd, 1989, while equipping with a common president Antenna 2 and FR3 maintains the separation legal of the two chains.
France Television
September 7th, 1992, Antenna 2 and FR3 change name and become respectively
France 2 and
France 3. They from now on are gathered within
France Television . However, France Television (without “S”) is only one trade description corresponding to no legal entity. The bringing together between the two chains causes the progressive appearance of a " commune" presidency; (supported by the very broad capacities recognized with the president in the statutes of each chain) grouping an increasingly substantial staff around the president, and the recourse to various formulas to ensure the coordination of the chains. Common directions are thus installation in decisive fields of the programming and common services are created to manage crucial questions like the policy of the sports or the policy of the programs of entertainment. The policy of programming of the two chains is harmonized.
NB: Briefly preceded by Tele employment from March 28th to April 17th, 1994, the Fifth diffused its first programs on December 13rd, 1994. National company of program also held by the State, it will completely remain nevertheless separate of the two other chains of the public service until its integration with the group France Televisions in 2000.
France Televisions S.a.
The law n° 2000-719 of August 1st, 2000 made it possible, on the one hand, to fix the legal framework of the group France Televisions and, on the other hand, to create the holding company
France Televisions S.A. making it possible to gather the national companies of program televised like all their attached subsidiary companies. It also increases the mandate of the President from 3 to 5 years.
France Télévisions is a public limit company subjected to the legislation on the public limit companies (subject to the specific laws governing it) whose statutes were approved by decree n° 2000-846 of August 31st, 2000 (modified by the decree n° 2001-1328 of December 27th, 2001). It was registered with the register of trade on September 6th, 2000, month when the contribution of the entirety of the titles of France 2 took place, France 3 and the Fifth by the State. The transfers of credits to the holding company intervened over the period December 2000 - March 2001.
Equipped with an authorized capital of 197.540 M€ divided into 12 958 173 actions, it is subjected to control economic and financial of the State with which it has concludes, on December 20th, 2001, a first contract of objective and means (COM) multiannual. This contract, which arrived in the long term in 2006, was renewed on April 30th, 2007 only but covers the period 2006-2011.
France Televisions S.A. with the responsibility to define the comprehensive strategy of the group. The board of directors of the holding company distributes financial means the public ones between the subsidiary companies of the group and its financial balance ensures some.
The holding company also manages the control of the development actions or diversification, as well as the comprehensive policy as regards programs: policies of production, coproductions, acquisitions, harmonization of the grids as well as the adaptation to new technologies. The charter of organization of the group installation in 2000 rests on the principles of the autonomy of the subsidiary companies, a reinforced harmonization and a collegial structure in the piloting of the management of the group.
France Télévisions S.A. articulates itself around seven specific directions: strategy of the programs, diversification, finances, human resources, communication, relations institutional and internal audit. Five directions are common to France Televisions and the chains: studies, sports, legal, international relations and purchases of programs.
On Monday, January 7, 2002, a new homogeneous preparing of the chains of the group France Televisions appears with the antenna.
Future of the group
Since September 2007, the public group studies the assumption of an in-depth reform, with in particular the fusion - by legislative way - of France Televisions SA, holding of the group, and the chains of public service (France 2, France 3, France 4, France 5 and RFO) within the same company by 2012, time to which France Televisions, because of the swing to the numerical whole, will be plunged in a reinforced universe of competition, with the rise to power of nontraditional media. One of the lines of thinking is to make evolve/move the statutes of France Televisions so that they are connected with those of the BBC.
Organization
Leaders
presidents common to Antenna 2 (then France 2) and FR3 (then France 3) :
presidents of France Televisions :
Manpower
Permanent and nonpermanent manpower in full-time equivalent at December 31st:
(Source France Televisions: financial reportings 2004 & 2005, Internet site consulted the 05.10.2007 for the figures 2006)
Sit
The seat of France Televisions S.A. is 7, esplanade Henri de France with Paris XV {{E}}, in a building designed by the architect Jean-Paul Viguier. Built of 1994 to 1998, it develops 57100 m ² surface and reached 35 m height. Between May and September 1998, France Television settled there after having left the Montaigne avenue (Antenne 2) and the court the Queen (FR3) in the VIII {{E}}.
On the whole of the companies integrated fully into the accounts 2006 of the group France Televisions:
The station of the RER C, Victor Boulevard - Bridge of Garigliano is under the esplanade. The station of the tram T3 is located in front of the entry of the seat Valin boulevard.
Consolidation of the group
Group accounts
The first group accounts of the group were those of 2000:
(Source France Televisions: Results 2000 & Financial reportings 2004,2005 and 2006)
All the significant companies in which France Televisions S.A. exerts, directly or indirectly, an exclusive control are consolidated by total integration. The significant companies in which the group exerts a notable influence are consolidated by equivalence. This method consists in retaining in the group accounts the share of stockholders' equity and result corresponding to the percentage of direct or indirect interest prisoners by the parent company.
The principle of tax integration consists in making begin again by the company head of the tax group France Televisions SA, the products and the loads of tax transferred by the integrated subsidiary companies. Tax integration is neutral for the subsidiary companies concerned. The deficits of the subsidiary companies, placed against profits of other subsidiary companies in the process of tax integration, are the subject of a provision covering the risk of the holding of having later on to pay tax with the height of the deficits used.
At the 12/31/2006, there do not exist foreign subsidiary companies in the perimeter of the group France Televisions.
(Source France Televisions: Results 2000 to 2004 & Financial reportings 2004,2005 and 2006)
Companies integrated fully into the 12/31/2006
(Source France Televisions: Financial reporting 2006)
Companies integrated proportionally into the 12/31/2006
(Source France Televisions: Financial reporting 2006)
Companies equity method at the 12/31/2006
(Source France Televisions: Financial reporting 2006)
Companies unconsolidated at the 12/31/2006
(Source France Televisions: Financial reporting 2006)
Variations of the perimeter of consolidation
At the 12/31/2001 :
- Absorption of the company " Fifth Développement" by France Televisions Distribution;
- Absorption of the company " Muzzik" (Group Lagardere) by Mezzo (Launched in November 1996 on the cable and CanalSatellite by the group Lagardere, the Muzzik company, chain with musical set of themes, is amalgamated with Mezzo on December 7th, 2001).
At the 12/31/2002 :
- Entered of the companies Planet Thalassa and " TVRS 2003" ;
- Left the perimeter of " France Entreprise" Televisions;.
At the 12/31/2003 :
- Entered of the company CFI;
- universal Transmissions of inheritance between " President Films" and France Televisions Distribution, on the one hand, and between Areas and France 3, on the other hand;
- Increase in the participation of France Televisions within EuroNews following the repurchase by the SECEMIE on April 24th, 2003 of the 49% prisoners by ITN in the SOCEMIE (development company of EuroNews). The SECEMIE, whose France Televisions holds 28,13%, becomes single shareholder of EuroNews.
At the 12/31/2004 :
- Entered of the group RFO;
- Increase in the participation of France Televisions S.A. in the company " France Tele Films" - Festival (the participation of France Televisions S.A. in the company France Tele Films of 56% in the 12/31/2003 is carried in the 6/18/2004 in 89% per repurchase of the participation of Carlton Communications PLC (33%) concluded on April 7th, 2004);
- Augmentation in the participation of France Televisions S.A. in the company Mezzo (France Televisions S.A. acquired 20% of the capital of Mezzo.
- Dilution of the participation of France Televisions in subsidiary company SECEMIE (EuroNews) from 28,13% to 24,05% at the time of a capital growth reserved in an external shareholder, the Russian television RTR, which integrates the hard core of shareholders. SECEMIE holds 100% of the capital of SOCEMIE (EuroNews);
- total Integration starting from July 1st, 2004 of TV5 WORLD consolidated before by equity method (the company RFO having 04.00% of the capital of company TV5MONDE, its entry in the perimeter of consolidation increases the percentage of control of the group France Televisions at TV5 WORLD to bring it to 51,50%. The participation of RFO is directly attached to France Televisions S.A. where it joined the 47,50% already held).
At the 12/31/2005 :
- Entered of the companies Governed In addition to Sea, Media In addition to Sea, Peaceful Control and Peaceful Hyphen during first six-month period 2005 all held at 100% per Control Inter Oceans (R3O).
- Création of Tele the Jeunesse company (Gulli) during the second half-year 2005.
- the GIE France Televisions Service is consolidated for the first time in total integration whereas it was in fact integrated previously through the accounts of the other companies of the group. This GIE carries out only operations of performances of service between companies of the group.
- Increase in the participation of France Televisions SA (100% tell 90% before) in the company France Télémusique. * In December 2005 transfers of 4% of the capital of TV5MONDE held by France Televisions to the INA whose participation thus passed from 2,60 to 6,60% of the capital, so that no shareholder holds the majority control of the company.
- the companies TV5 WORLD and International Canal France are consolidated on 2005 in equity method since, in spite of its percentage of detentions of actions, the group France Televisions does not exert control on these two companies.
- Fusion of the six companies Regional Controls to retroactive effect at January 1st, 2005. The company name of the surviving company was modified to become ftp Areas.
At the 12/31/2006 :
- Entrée from the company Chains French International Information (France 24) in the perimeter of consolidation: Taking into account the existence of a united control, France 24 is consolidated in integration proportional to December 31st, 2006.
- the Peaceful Régie company (marketing the ad space of RFO in New Caledonia and before held at 100% per Control Inter Oceans SA) transmitted its inheritance to the Régie company In addition to Sea during the year, operation internal without incidence on the group accounts.
- the SCI Valin, entirely held by the group, was consolidated in total integration for the first time in 2006 because of the beginning of its operations.
Internal audit 2005
At the request of
Patrick de Carolis, one audit of the group is carried out from September in December 2005 thanks to the average interns of the group (DRH, Financial management and others). It leads on January 25th, 2006 to a severe inventory of fixtures disputed as well by
Marc Tessier, preceding chairman of France Televisions, as by the professional organizations of paid group (SNRT-CGT, SNJ-CGT).
Evoked for the first time at the time of the presentation by
Patrick de Carolis of his project to the SCUMS, the internal audit presents the situation of the public group by dividing its conclusions into “alarming points” and “positive points”.
Operational perimeter of the group
The operational activities of France Televisions are divided into eight principal poles:
national Chains of public service:
France 2, France 3, France 4, France 5 and France O.
French Specialized channels:
Gulli, Planet Juniors, Planet Thalassa, Planet Justice and Mezzo;
the Network France Overseas:
RFO Guadeloupe, RFO Guyana, RFO Martinique, RFO Mayotte, RFO Meeting, RFO Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, RFO Polynesia, RFO New Caledonia, RFO Wallis-and-Futuna; Each one diffusing a specific chain to its community (Tele Country) and a chain taking again the programs of the national chains (Tempo) except in Mayotte and Wallis;
Productions cinematographic:
France 2 cinema, France 3 cinema, MFP (Multi-media France Productions);
Publicity:
France Televisions Publicity, Médi@exchange;
International:
EuroNews (chain of European information), TV5 WORLD (international French-speaking chain), ARTE (Franco-German cultural chain), CFI (International Channel France), France 24 (chain of French international information);
Internet:
Interactive France Televisions;
Edition/Distribution:
France Televisions Distribution.
Chains of public service
Financing of the chains of public service
The financing of the public sector of the audio-visual communication depends mainly on three resources:
- the royalty (sixty sixteen percent of the total of the resources 2003).
- own resources, like the sale of programs abroad, (approximately four percent of the total in 2003).
- advertizing revenues (approximately twenty percent of the total of the resources 2003).
The amount of the product of the Broadcasting royalties (public resources) is distributed by the State between France Televisions, Radio France, Radio France Internationale, ARTE France and the National institute of Audio-visual (INA).
Under the IV of article 53 of the law n° 86-1067 of the modified September 30th, 1986, “the amount of the public resources allocated at the company France Televisions is versed at this company which affects it completely, under the conditions defined by the contract of objectives and means, with the companies France 2, France 3 and France 5 and Réseau France Overseas like with the subsidiary companies mentioned with the last subparagraph of the I of article 44 the law of September 30th, 1986” , i.e. at the companies “having the aim of publishing television services diffused in numerical mode not giving place to the payment of a remuneration on behalf of the users and answering public service missions defined in article the 43-11 law of September 30th, 1986 and by their schedules of conditions'' .
In accordance with the orientations laid down in its schedule of conditions, the chain France 4, that France Televisions controls to 93,95% by its direct and indirect participations (via ARTE France), is diffused on TNT. It is within this framework that the new public channel is financed by the royalty since 2005.
Within the perimeter France Televisions, the sums paid by the State with the title of the Broadcasting royalties thus profit only at the national companies from program and the subsidiary company France 4 (ex Festival), other than any other company of the group.
(*) before integration with the groupe.
(Source France Televisions: accounts 2000 to 2003, financial reporting 2004, internal audit 2005, PLF 2006)
The COM concluded on March 2nd, 2007 envisages an increase of 3% on average per annum budget allocated by the State in France Televisions. In 2008, first year of the contract, this percentage will be even of 3,5% making it possible to compensate for the expenditure which will reach a peak to ensure the passage of analogical numerical from here 2011. In 2009 and 2010, this increase will be respectively of 2,9 and 2,6%.
Missions of the chains of public service
The specifications of the missions and of the chains of public service fix that the national companies of programs “
offer to the public, taken in all its components, a whole of programs and services which are characterized by their diversity and their pluralism ”. More particularly, it is specified that:
- “France 2 is charged to conceive and program television programs intended to be diffused on the whole of the metropolitan territory. This company proposes programming general practitioner, of reference and diversified for the largest audience, the creation of original televisual productions supports and ensures national and international information.”
- “France 3 is charged to conceive and program television programs in national, regional and local matter, intended to be diffused on whole or part of the metropolitan territory. This company proposes programming general practitioner and diversified. It ensures in particular information of proximity and gives an account of the regional and local events.”
- “France 4 contributes to reinforce the cultural, artistic offer and of live performances of the public group and to expose French and European audio-visual creation. By its contents and its programming, it aims to the renovation of the audience of public televisions; it diffuses a selection of their programs in order to ensure the broadest exposure of it.”
- “France 5 has the role of conceiving and of programming television programs in educational matter and supporting the access to the knowledge, knowledge, the formation and employment, intended to be diffused on the whole of the metropolitan territory. This programming must contribute to education with the image and the media.”
- “RFO publishes and makes diffuse
- I. - In the French communities of overseas:
- 1° Of the television services general practitioners and diversified in particular including newspapers and emissions of proximity giving an account of the regional and local events, named " TV-country;
- 2° Of the television services general practitioners, with cultural and educational component, called " Tempo;
- 3° Of the services of radio general practitioner made up mainly of emissions produced locally, privileging the proximity in its offer of information and services;
- 4° Of the services of radio more particularly devoted to the territorial continuity of the emissions of the national companies of program Radio France and Radio France Internationale.
- II. - On the metropolitan territory: a television service in light by terrestrial hertzian way in numerical mode called France O. (" France O has as an aim, on the one hand, to contribute to the knowledge of economic reality, social and cultural of overseas, its environment and its current and historical bonds with the rest of the world, and, on the other hand, to testify, at the sides of French diversity, of its presence like its insertion in metropolis. ”)
Personnel of the chains of public service
Permanent and nonpermanent manpower in full-time equivalent at December 31st:
(Source France Televisions: financial reportings 2004 and 2005, Internet site consulted the 05.10.2007 for the figures 2006)
The collective agreement of the communication and the production audio-visual (CCCPA) signed on March 31st, 1984, which concerns the technical personnel and administrative (PTA) does not apply to the whole of the group, contrary with a convention of branch. It touches the employees of France 2, France 3 and RFO but not those of France 5, nor those of the holding France Televisions and, seems it, not advantage those of France 4.
The audio-visual endorsement with the national collective agreement of the work of journalists (CCNTJ), signed on July 9th, 1983 touches the whole of the journalists of the group, the latter being, for its part, a convention of wide branch.
Fifth, right from the start, an original system, characterized by a great flexibility adopted: absence of grids, absence of automatisms, chart of the trades. In spite of its integration in the group France Televisions, France 5 continues to apply its own company agreement.
Since the legislator decided clearly for the constitution of a public group of television and equipped France Televisions with the legal entity and wide capacities of direction on the companies of the group, the possibility of a social negotiation being at the level of the group, and either at the level of each company the component, was to be considered. At the present time, this question did not receive an concrete answer. It runs up against the strong characteristics which characterize each company. The risk of a systematic alignment of the provisions on most expensive of them remains sufficiently important so that this question is treated with a greatest caution.
Nevertheless, the harmonization of the uses which do not concern the collective agreements and the provident schemes was undertaken by financial management during the first working year of the team of Carolis.
Shares of audience of the chains of public service
With total, the share of average audience of the chains of public service of France Televisions posts a fall of 3,7 points between 2000 and 2006 (- 2,9 for France 2/- 2,1 for France 3/+ 1,3 for France 5):
(Source France Televisions: Results 2004, Internal audit 2005 and Financial reporting 2006)
In the departments and overseas territories, the chains of the Group, controlled within network RFO, consolidate their places of chains of reference, according to the various studies Métridom de Médiamétrie, and this as in metropolis, in a context of widened competition (more chains received by more hearths directly by satellite): Tele Meeting is stable over one year, around 26,5%, and limit at 6 points the variation with its private competitor. TV Martinique, leader on the island, progresses to nearly 32,5% of Pda between September and December 2006. Télé Guadeloupe also consolidates its leadership with 44% of shares of audience against 40% the last year. Equivalent progression in Guyana (47% of shares of audience against 44% in 2005). 65% of shares of audience in Polynesia for Tele Polynesia (in rise of 5 points there too). The Tempo second channel is stable, between 4 and 7% of shares of audience according to the territories. (Financial reporting 2006)
Diffusion of the chains of public service
The televised chains of the
Public service are accessible free in France:
- Into analogical: by the traditional network of the terrestrial transmitters Secam (3 400 transmitters and relay transmitters) and the satellite Atlantic Bird 3, except France 4 and France O.
- Numerically: by the network TNT (115 transmitters in the long term) and the satellite Atlantic Bird 3.
Within the framework of the TNT, France 2, France 3, France 4, France 5 were grouped in March 2005 on the same multiplexing within the Management company of Network 1 (GR1) with ARTE and the Parliamentary chain. Joint stock company simplified created on September 22nd, 2004, GR1 finalizes the contracts frameworks of diffusion with the technical operators of the network, ensures the radioelectric allocation of resources between the chains as well as the financial invoicing and burden-sharing.
Le December 19th, 2006, the SCUMS decided, pursuant to article 22 of the law of the modified September 30th, 1986, to reorganize the multiplexings used for the diffusion of digital terrestrial television in accordance with the wish of the Minister for the Culture and Transport, by moving France 4 of R1 towards R2 (Company of the News
digital televisions), in the interest of a rational use of the public domain and need for ensuring the development of local televisions on the TNT which will thus find a place on R1; In the facts, France 4 rocked of R1 towards R2 on September 13rd, 2007 at 6 a.m. yielding the place, on the one hand, with 18 local chains or the second regional unhooking of France 3 in province and, on the other hand, with France O (which inaugurates its diffusion TNT the next on September 24th) in Island-in France.
The private commercial bouquets of television of diffusion and distribution have an obligation of resumption of the televised chains of the public service, but without assured exemption from payment.
Specialized channels and international
The specialized channels and international are held with other audio-visual groups:
- Gulli : France Televisions 34% - Lagardere Activates (Lagardere Group) 66%
- Mezzo: France Televisions 20% - France Télémusique 20% - Lagardere Activates (Lagardere Group) 60%
- Planet Juniors (via Planet Thalassa): France Televisions 34% - MultiThématiques (Canal+ Group) 66%
- Planet Thalassa: France Televisions 34% - MultiThématiques (Canal+ Group) 66%
- Planet Justice: France Televisions 34% - MultiThématiques (Canal+ Group) 66%
-
TV5 WORLD: France Televisions 47,50% - ARTE France 12,50% - TSR 11,11% - RTBF 11,11% - CTQC 11,11% - INA 6,61% - Others 0,18%
- Euronews (via the SECEMIE): France Televisions 24,05% - SPOKE 21,65% - RTVE 18,81% - RTR 16,06% - SR 9,20% - Others 10,23%
- ARTE: ARTE France 50% - ARTE Deutschland TV GMBH 50%
- France 24: France Televisions 50% - Group TF1 50%
Variations of the operational perimeter
1998 :
- Stop of " Supervision" France; - Launched in 1992, " Supervision" France; , diffuses with the format D2 Mac Paquet 16/9 in stereophony on the satellite Télécom 2A then on TPS and the cable. Its programs take again initially those of France 2 and France 3 and of the productions diffused in preview. The chain is devoted thereafter to the large cultural or sporting spectacle. The technical format proving to be expensive and the too confidential audience, the chain is reformatée in set of themes devoted to the classical music, the dance and the jazz: Mezzo launched on March 31st, 1998.
2002:
- Disengagement of TPS - Created in January 1996 and launched the next on December 16th, TPS is a company operating a numerical bouquet of held satellite remote transmission French, at the origin, by France Televisions Undertaken (France Televisions 34% - France Telecom 66%), TF1 (25%), M6 (34%) and Suez (16%). In January 2002, France Televisions Undertaken sells the 25% prisoners with the Groupe TF1 which increases its participation in TPS by buying next in July, the 16% of Suez.
- Launching of Planet Thalassa - on November 1st, 2002, Thalassa, emblematic emission of France 3, gives rise to a television channel set of themes devoted to the sea. Within the framework of this co-operation with the Group Canal+, France Televisions (34% of the capital of the chain) limit its participation in contributions in kind.
2003 :
- Stop of Areas - on May 11th, 1998, the specialized channel Areas, held with parity by France 3 and France Telecom, is launched on numerical bouquet TPS and on the networks of Lyons Cables and France Telecom Câble. Eighty five percent of the images diffused on " Régions" are resulting from the regional network of France 3. The signal ceases on February 2nd, 2003 and the company is dissolved by universal transmission of the inheritance with France 3. Before this date " Régions" was controlled to 50% by France Televisions, 40% by Wanadoo France (France Telecom) and 10% by Dexia.
- Integration of CFI - Public limit company, CFI, are a bank of programs equipped of permanent satellite capacities launched in 1989 on the initiative of the ministry for the co-operation. Since July 1998, it has a common presidency with TV5. Controlled since July 1st, 2003 by France Televisions (75%) and Arte France (25%), she knew an important reorganization: Transfer, at the end of July 2003, by Portinvest (subsidiary company of CFI) with Média Overseas (subsidiary company of the Canal+ group) of the range of satellite channels “Sat”, created and until financed there by the Ministry for Foreign Affairs; Interruption on December 31st, 2003 of the diffusion of CFI-TV created in July 1999 and diffusing in light on French-speaking Africa the programs bought by Africa CFI-Pro; Rationalization of the activity of bank of programs of CFI by the development of its role of coordinator in the field of the international televisual co-operation. The mission of CFI is centred around two trades: supply of programs to televisions of the South (mainly in Africa), and the co-operation (expertise, engineering, formation) with televisions of the emergent countries and under development. CFI buys the majority of the programs to the French producers and the African producers who are proposed with the chains with which agreements were signed.
- Launching of My Planet - ludo-educational Television channel intended for the 7/15 years, My Planet east creates on November 5th, 2003, its capital being entirely held by Planet Thalassa. France Télévisions limits its participation in contributions in kind.
2004:
- Disengagement of History - Launched on the cable and the satellite on July 14th, 1997, Histoire proposes, 17 hours per day of 8:45 to 1:45, documentary, the magazines, the debates and the historical fictions. At December 31st, 2003, the shareholders of the chain were on the one hand France Televisions, ARTE France and INA (gathered in the " Histoire" holding; with 52,50% of the capital) and in addition the groups Wanadoo (8,75%), Suez (8,75%) and finally Pathé (30%) entered to the capital in 2001. At the end of December 2003, the public authorities, on proposal of France Televisions, state that Histoire would not be retained for a free diffusion on the TNT. The private shareholders (Pathé, Suez and Wanadoo, accounting for 47,50% of the capital) then make officially know their will to disengage chain and not to take part more in its financing as from 2004. The Board of directors of France Televisions and the Board of trustees of ARTE France give their agreement to ensure the financing of the chain until the end of April 2004 in waiting of a transferee. The transfer is finalized on June 23rd, 2004 with the become Groupe TF1, on July 1st, 2004, single shareholder of the specialized channel devoted to the French history and of the world.
- Integration of RFO - the law n° 2004-669 of July 9th, 2004 made France Televisions S.A., starting from July 1st, the single shareholder of RFO. Constituted with effect at January 1st, 1983 to succeed FR3 DOM-TOM, RFO gathers, during its integration within France Televisions, the Network France Overseas strictly speaking, " Control Inter Océans" and " International Vidéo" Creation;. It holds, moreover, a participation in l'" International agency of TV" Images; (AITV). RFO diffuses two hertzian signals Télé Country (famous RFO1 in 1999) and Tempo (RFO2 launched in 1986 and famous in 1998) for the local government agencies of overseas and a satellite signal RFO sat (launched in 1998 and famous France O) for the metropolis and Europe.
2005 :
- RFO sat becomes France O - Créée on March 28th, 1998 in order to offer to the French the overseas alive one in metropolis a window on their communities, RFO sat diffuses daily at its beginnings a few hours of programs starting from 21:00 on the cable and the satellite. February 25th, 2005, France O takes over 24 hours a day RFO sat which, with 9 hours of antenna only per day, managed with difficulty to play its part of window of Outre-mer in metropolis. Its new name refers to the group France Televisions, the letter O as Outre-mer attaches it to the network RFO and the circumflex accent underlines the opening of the chain to all the accents of the world.
- Stop of Festival /Launching of France 4 - Chaired by the novelist Didier Decoin and launched on June 26th, 1996, France Tele Films (of which the operational mark is Festival ) is the chain of the French fiction on the cable and the satellite. It draws its programs in immense the funds of telefilms historical and literary and present of works of television in preview. At the end of December 2003, the public authorities, on proposal of France Televisions, make known their choice to retain Festival to be the new chain of the public service diffused on the TNT. With the launching of the TNT, Festival France 4 becomes .
- Launching of Gulli - Chain devoted to youth (its company name is “ Jeunesse TV ”), Gulli was launched on November 18th, 2005 on the TNT in co-operation with the Lagardere group.
2006 :
- Launching of France Televisions VOD - At the end of August, new gate Internet of video at the request of France Televisions, gives access to a gathering catalog of the free and paying programs diffused on France 2, France 3, France 4 and France 5. The rights for the contents diffused in VOD are negotiated by France Televisions Distribution (FTD). Two modes of paying consultation are proposed: in hiring, the vidéos can be immediately viewed on a personal computer and reviews as much of time during 24 hours, but they can be also bought for an unlimited visionnage
- Lancement of France 24 - international French Chaine of information uninterrupted, France 24 was launched on December 6th, 2006 on Internet and on December 7th, 2006 on the cable.
- Launching of the Club France Televisions - Internet site of the club of the televiewers of France Televisions, to which it is possible to adhere free, is launched on December 13rd. The inscription makes it possible to become a privileged televiewer and in particular to profit from places reserved in the emissions, projections in preview, tickets pass for cultural events, reductions with the shop France Televisions and to receive a monthly newsletter.
2007 :
- Launching of the Foundation of company France Televisions - on February 5th, 2007 is launched the first foundation of company of a French audio-visual group with three privileged lines of action: culture, citizenship and futurology on the future of television.
- Launching of Planet Justice - First chain in France with being devoted to the legal system in its globality, Planet Justice is launched on October 27th, 2007.
Notes and Sources