François de Lyrot

François Lyrot , lord of Patouillère was born the August 24th 1723 with Nantes and died the December 23rd 1793 in the Bataille of Savenay.

Knight, lord of Patouillère, Gibraie, etc, officer under the Old Mode.
Mayor of Saint-Sébastien-sur-Loire, then general Vendean, after 1789.

Its family

Lyrot are a family, originating in Anjou and Poitou. They go down from Herve de Lyrot, archer in a watch (military) received with Honfleur in 1416. It was made prisoner at the time of the catch of this city. Jean, his son, whose house, located at the borough of Auverné, in the Nantes Pays was anoblie and crossed in 1449.

This family is maintained in her nobility by stops of the Council in 1695 and the Parliament in 1777. Lyrot carry: Of azure to the money lion.

The house of Brigolière with Loroux-Bottereau is the property of the family of Lyrot.

His/her father, Jean de Lyrot , is to advise with the Présidial. His/her mother, Anne Adam , is the girl of a prosecutor.

His/her brother is to advise of the king to the Présidial of Nantes. He Marie with the girl of a trader, which makes it possible the family to buy grounds, but gives place to a procedure at the time of the death of this wife.

Biography

Before the French revolution

François de Lyrot returns consent and enumeration, in 1755, of the grounds of Patouillère and Gibraie, parish of Saint-Sebastien. He is before the French revolution, an officer, knight of the royal and military Ordre of Saint-Louis, according to the marchioness of Rochejacquelein. The majority of the members of its family are officers in the royal navy.

François married in 1759 and lives with the castle of Jarrie, with Saint-Germain-on-Monk, parish of the Duché of Anjou dependant on the Diocèse of Nantes before 1789. François de Lyrot, because of his wife died in 1768, is lord of Jarrie, Montigné, Midsummer's Day de Montfaucon.

François de Lyrot buys an office of advising of the king to the Parlement of Brittany for one of his sons.

The French revolution

François de Lyrot is the first mayor of Saint-Sébastien-sur-Loire of 1790 with 1791, which shows that it does not have a visceral hatred of the novel ideas, like certain aristocrats. Moreover, it does not belong to a family of the large nobility. It is one of these many small landed proprietors who constitute the essence of the nobility in 1789. Captain at 50 years and sometimes knight of Saint Louis…

However, its nephew, Etienne-Guillaume, knight of Lyrot, are present at the Assemblies of the nobility in 1789 and it is not either poor. In 1788, right before the Revolution, it belongs to the subjects of Saint-Sébastien-sur-Loire which pay more than 100 pounds of tax. It has the manor of Gibraye, located boulevard of Not-Magic, work of the architect the Nantes architect Jean-Baptiste Ceineray, and the manor of Patouillère…

François de Lyrot takes the head of dissatisfied, launches out in the revolt and threatens Nantes.

Whereas the majority of the Vendean generals are very young, is almost 70 years old to him. And François de Lyrot is not commander of a division immediately, he is first of all officer in the army of Charles Melchior Artus de Bonchamps.

In 1793, Lyrot of Patouillère orders the royalist troops of Loroux-Bottereau and is combined as well with the troops of Cart, the army of the Pays of Retz, as with the troops of the catholic and royal Armée. the guy of Loroux are among bravest of the army catholic and royal… the municipal officers flew away… . It becomes the chief of the Army of Lyrot .

Noting the shortage out of weapons and ammunition of the armies counter-revolutionaries, François de Lyrot founds a ball forging mill.

Louis of Vergier of Rochejacquelein proposes to go immediately on Cholet, where the Blue ones, probably, are occupied plundering, and can be surprised. D' Elbée wants that before attacking one awaits the honest division of the Loroux-Bottereau , strong of five thousand men, who, soon of hours, must join the army.

Battle of Nantes (June 29th 1793)

The guy of Loroux enter in mass the battalions of Lyrot, camped with Rented the, on main road which carries out of Nantes to Clisson. François de Lyrot and the volunteers of his division want more than the Vendean ones and Angevins to take Nantes, it is from there that the republican forwardings directed against their villages come regularly.

François de Lyrot forms the camps of Rented the and Saint-Julien to two miles of Nantes. Between Nantes and Montaigu, Misters de Lyrot and of Esigny have three or four thousand men. They had to be denied the side of Nantes.

François-Athanase Cart of Contrie must quite simply occupy with its troops and that of Lyrot of Patouillère, the left bank of the Loire, in front of the suburbs of Bridge-Rousseau and of Saint-Jacob. They must hold the republicans under the fire of their artillery while the catholic and royal Armée come by the roads from Rennes, Vannes and Paris invades the city by north and is.

June 20th, Lyrot tightens a ambush with the troops of Beysser, tries to capture it and inflicts one to him crowned demolished . The royal cavalry pursues its Nantes legion. With 10.000 men and twelve parts of gun, Lyrot of Patouillère occupies the Cross-Moriceau.

June 28th, it fights at the sides of Cart and its troops attack the station of Saint-Jacob and the Door of Rennes. Lyrot wants to take the Saint-Jacob suburb at all costs.

June 29th, Around four hours, Lyrot of Patouillère with 5.000 men approximately gives an opinion at the station of Saint-Jacob. At seven o'clock in the morning, the two Vendean chiefs always do not have any news of the other armies and no noise of gun is made hear in the north and the east of the Loire. They are alone and decide to slow down fire.

A few hours later, whereas Cart and Lyrot slowed down fire, Charles Melchior Artus de Bonchamps and its 8.000 men arrive by the road of Paris, for Saint-Donatien suburb. The combat is violent but the Vendean ones advance and arrive in seen cathedral Saint Pierre. Bonchamps does not hear the guns of Maurice Joseph Louis Gigost d' Elbée and Jacques Cathelineau.

Nantes also owes its triumph with its geographical location: its river (the Loire) and its two rivers (the Separates Nantes and the Erdre). In the south, Cart cannot make the junction with Lyrot, the two armies being separated by the Nantes Sèvre. The boats that Lyrot had prepared to cross the river are cast. They cannot link their force against artillery of Beysser and the Boisguillon general. They were not informed of the combat of Nort and from the delay of the Large army because they are separated by from it the the Loire. No messenger crosses the river.

Just like Cart, Lyrot starts to order the withdrawal of its troops towards Ancenis.

Transfered of Galerne (Of the October 18th to the December 23rd 1793)

The Virée of Galerne is a military campaign of the Guerre of the Vendée during the French revolution and which was held in the Maine, in Brittany and Normandy. It draws its name from " gwalarn ", Breton word which indicates the wind of noroît (north-western).

François de Lyrot, in the month of September 1793, attacks with of Elbée and Bonchamp the troops of the general Jean Baptiste Camille Canclaux, close to Clisson. He forces the Blue ones with the retirement and its soldiers massacre a big number of wounded being found with the back of the runaways.

With the Battle of Cholet, in the month of October 1793, of Elbée and Bonchamp, wounded and encircled by their enemies, were saved by François de Lyrot. It protects a little the escape from Vendean and raises the casualties.

The Virée of Galerne it is the long tour of the Vendean army which, having crossed the the Loire after the defeat of Cholet it (October 17th 1793), goes to Granville in the hope to find reinforcements coming from England there. The généralissime of Elbée having been wounded with Cholet, it is Henri of Rochejacquelein which, at 21 years, is selected to replace it. This last is assisted by Stofflet, Talmont, Lyrot, Fleuriot and Marigny. The Vendean army is accompanied by 30.000 to 60.000 non-combatant: wounded, old men, priests, women and children. Their army counts 40.000 soldiers, joined soon by approximately 10.000 Chouans carried out by Jean Cottereau, Georges Cadoudal or Aimé of Boisguy.

The small troop of Mr. de Lyrot, in the Low-Poitou, carries out a war almost constantly defensive, whereas the royal armies sink on the English Channel and supplies with weapons and ammunition.

Not having been able to take Granville, in October, the Vendean army is folded up towards Savenay, where it will find it (December 23rd 1793).

Battle of Savenay (December 23rd 1793)

The army of Mr. de Lyrot, after having passed the river with ford opposite the city Ancenis, the attack courageously and carries it .

The Vendean ones leave Ancenis and arrive, on December 21st, with Savenay, that Lyrot of Patouillère makes at once strengthen.

The day is dawning and the battle begins, but with the general surprise, they are the Vendean ones and Chouans which launch the attack with an aim of taking again the wood of Touchelais to break surrounding. This attack, directed by Lyrot, whose troops are t-pieces aguerries, meets a success, the first pomegranate line is folded up by leaving behind it 2 guns and 40 prisoners. At once, Kléber launched the counter-attack to the head of the regiment of Gendarmes which charged with the bayonet and force the Vendean ones to move back to the doors of Savenay.

But during this time, on the place of the church, the republicans seize the battery which they turn over against the Vendean ones. The runaways, continued by the republicans, are folded up then out of Savenay and adopted the west of the city. The Vendean ones take their the last two guns then that Marigny had kept in reserve and try to cover the escape of wounded and the non-combatant ones. During this engagement, Lyrot makes wonders of value . But, François de Lyrot is killed, this December 23rd 1793. Lyrot falls bored blows.

Marigny is folded up again on the wood of White-crown, in the west with its two guns and what remains to him men, it will hold its position one hour, then will scatter with its men in the marshes, it will manage to escape the blue ones.

Because of died of the general of Lyrot, Cart order all the country located between the main road of Nantes and the Separates Nantes and that contained between this river and the the Loire, since Nantes to the borders of the Anjou. François-Athanase Cart of Contrie order from now on three divisions of the fact François de Lyrot fell to the combat. Before the Battle of Savenay, Lyrot forever be the aide-de-camp of Mister of Cart, the king of the Vendée , as Georges Lenôtre tells it.

François de Lyrot was general only a few months. It was a soft man, virtuous and worthy of living in better times .

Its descent

François married in 1759 with Agathe-Marie Joubert , lady of Jarrie, Montigné, Midsummer's Day de Montfaucon. She dies on September 25th, 1768, according to her tombstone in the Midsummer's Day church of Montfaucon-Montigné. They have 4 children, of which:

Guillaume François de Lyrot de Montigné , born with the castle of Jarrie, Saint-Germain-on-Monk, parish of the Duchy of Anjou, dependant on the Diocese of Nantes before 1789, on May 8th, 1761. François de Lyrot buys to him an office of advising of the king to the Parlement of Brittany for one of his sons. He emigrates and dies in London the April 7th 1804.

Marie Alexandre de Lyrot of Jarry , born with the castle of Jarrie, the May 21st 1766, commander, knight of the royal and military Order of Saint-Louis. It Marie with Louise de Santo Domingo (1781 - 1842), in 1815, with Nantes. This Creole is widowed of Charles-Benjamin Robiou of Vrignais. She had the quarter of the Moka coffee-plantation to San Salvador with Cuba. She has of its first marriage a son, Alexandre-Auguste-Gustave Robiou of Vrignais (1805-1886): future Director of naval constructions, on April 12th, 1854.

Alexandre and Louise has a girl who obtains Duchesse of Berry a purse for the boarding school of the Ursulines of Luçon, promoted royal house in 1828 by Charles X to accommodate the girls of Vendean officers orphan, noble and without fortune. And they have also a son, the count Paul de Lyrot (1819-1886) who Marie with Léontine de Labrousse (1820-1903, girl of colonel Louis de Labrousse and small-niece of Agathe de Rambaud, which raised the future Louis XVII, for which died so much the Vendean ones and the Breton ones.

The grandson of the count Paul de Lyrot and Léontine de Labrousse, the Viscount Rene de Lyrot of Jarry (1885-1924) will marry with the girl of Auguste Dreyfus. Rene de Lyrot dies in the Peru in 1924. Emilie Dreyfus , marchioness of Villahermosa, will marry in second weddings the brother of Rene de Lyrot, the count Herve de Lyrot .

…

Notes and references of the article

Random links: