See also: Guiot

François Gilles Guillot , born the August 17th 1759 with Angers (Maine-et-Loire), military French.

Entered like soldier the regiment of Lyons - Infantry the June 6th 1775, it passed as sergeant in that of the Maine, the July 15th 1780 with the unfolding of the regiment of Lyonese. Quartermaster-sergeant with the same body the February 17th 1788, it was named adjudant warrant officer the April 29th according to, and became leading seaman treasurer of the 28e of infantry (above Maine) on April 1st 1791.

Promoted captain with the same body the November 6th 1792, it made the first wars of the French revolution with the armies of the Var and Italy, with the Siège of Toulon and the Armée with the Eastern Pyrenees of 1792 at year III inclusively. Appointed major ordering the light infantry with the Armed with Italy, by the Brownish general-in-chief , it was not confirmed in this rank; but its control with the business of the September 8th 1793, above Lantosca, and with that of the 28 vendémiaire year II, with the Attaque of Gillette, where it was wounded of a shot to the right leg, deserved the rank of adjudant-general to him chief of brigade, which to him was conferred the 13 following brumaire.

It rendered important services during the Siège of Toulon, and took a share distinguished with the removal of fears English, which made it name Brigadier general by decree of the representative of the people close the army in front of Toulon, the 30 frimaire of the same year. It ordered the avant-garde of the Armée with the Eastern Pyrenees to the seat of Saint-Elme and Collioure, and was wounded of a shot to the right-hand man with the attack of fear Spanish the 30 brumaire year III. Passed with the Armed with Italy, it there made the wars of years IV and V, and was reformed the 28 ventôse this last year.

Given in activity the 3 germinal year VI, it was successively employed since this time until the month of messidor year VIII with the armies of England, the West, and in the 13th military division. The 9 brumaire year IX it was called with the command of the department of the Var (the 8th military division). Created member of Legion-in Honneur the 19 frimaire year XII, it was named by it ordering the 25 meadow following, and continued to be used in the 8th military division until the month as November 1808, time to which it went to take the command of the 2nd brigade of the 1e division of the 7th body of the Armée with Spain; it made the campaigns of 1808, 1809 and 1810 in Catalogne, and was named Baron of the Empire the August 15th 1810.

In 1811 it ordered the 1st district of the High Catalonia, under the orders of the general colonel Baraguay-with Hilliers, commander-in-chief of this province. To ensure the communications of the army with the France, to supervise the enemy stations, to go on the various points where they would be presented to disperse them, such was the object of its mission. The place of Figuières was located in its command.

See also: Head office of Figueres (1811)

The French garrison capitulated the August 19th 1811, and the Guillot general was delivered after forty-nine days of the hardest captivity. By judgment of the August 23rd the military commission, established for this purpose, condemned to the capital punishment Marques, Junyez and Floretta like culprits to have delivered the fort San Fernando to the Spanish insurrectionists, it also condemned, by contumacy, with the same sorrow named the Pons (Genis) and Pons (Pierre). As for the Guillot general, it was immediately led, by order of the Emperor, with the Citadelle of Perpignan to be held there until new order.

The Emperor decided that a council of investigation would examine the control of the senior officers who ordered at the time of surprised fort, as well as the three subalterns, Minalès second lieutenant, making the functions of adjudant of place, Celentani, major of the Neapolitan troops, and Flaviono, second lieutenant with the 2nd Neapolitan regiment of line, and which was of guard at the post office of the principal door. A commission, taken in the center of the Council of State and composed the counts Andréossi, president of the section of the war, Gassendi and Lavalette, examined with much attention all the parts which were addressed to him by the Minister for the war, relative with this business, and declared in his report/ratio approved by the Emperor the May 8th 1812, has that the Guillot general could not be at all suspected of intelligence with the enemy, and that while returning a whole justice with the fidelity of this general officer, she would have liked to be able to be convinced at the same time as he no fault had ofimprovidence and of negligence to be reproached, but that it was points with the regard of which the provided parts gave only little or not information, and who could be cleared up well only by confrontations and debates.

In accordance with the conclusions of this report, the Emperor issued, the May 12th 1812; that the Guillot general, the colonel Yann and the three other officers would be translated in front of a extraordinary Conseil of war convened with Perpignan. After a long and meticulous procedure, the Guillot general appeared before the council. The debates opened the November 19th 1813, and by judgment of the 24 he was condemned to the capital punishment in the majority of five votes, like culprit of negligence, unconcern and improvidence in his service, in his capacity as commander of the first district of high Catalonia, and to have been the cause of the loss of the fort of Figuières, subjected to his command.

Its co-defendants were exonerated. The extreme severity of this judgment did not obtain the sanction of the public opinion. The 26 of the same month the Guillot general provided himself near the Court of appeal which, by stop of the January 25th 1814, lejugement cancelled returned and returned the defendant in front of another council of war to be there carried out a new instruction starting from the interrogation inclusively and for a new judgment. But this provision could not be carried out in consequence of the political events which have occurred in France at that time. Lastly, the May 13rd 1814 Louis XVIII returned an ordinance, bearing: “ the brigadier general Guillot will be freed, and it will not be given any following the charge which was made to him have been the cause of the loss of the Fort of Figuières in 1811. ”

Reinstated in its rank of Brigadier the July 14th according to, and named with the command of the district of Barcelonnette (the Low-Alps) the August 31st of the same year, it was created knight of Saint-Louis.

When the Emperor had returned from the isle of Elba, the Guillot general was mandé with Paris the April 19th 1815. He presented himself to the Tuileries one day of reception. The Emperor saw it, he had not forgotten qne all them they had been made brigadier generals the same day with the Siège of Toulon, and he remembered the sharp affection which linked them formerly; approaching this general officer, he says to him with a very cordial benevolence: “ You do not want me, Guillot; one was quite severe, but that all is forgotten. - Lord, answered him the penetrated general of sharpest emotion, I am always the same one, always also devoted to Your Majesty. ”

The rapids events which, for the second time reversed the imperial throne, prevented Napoleon from giving following repair that its justice reserved to the Guillot general, who remained of availability. With the second return of the Bourbon S, it was allowed with the retirement by royal decree of the October 6th of the same year, it died in Draguignan (Var) the January 26th 1818.

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