François Debeauvais

François Debeauvais , or François Debauvais, Fransez Debeauvais, Fransez Debauvais, Fañch Debeauvais, Fañch Debauvais, Fañch deb., born in 1902 with Rennes and dead the March 20th 1944 in Germany, was a Breton nationalist .

Route

He is the son of a modest gardener of the area of the Pertre.

Breiz Atao

He is pharmacist of formation. In January 1919, appears the first number of Breiz Atao ( Brittany Toujours ), re-examined with primarily cultural goal at the beginning, but which seems very quickly the official body of the movement Breton separatist. He is named president of the Unvaniez Yaounkiz Breiz in 1920. He quickly joined this movement in company of Yann Bricler, and Olier Mordrel by taking ascending a rapid in the movement (the January 9th 1920, he is administrator). It is the first congress of Breiz Atao in September 1927 with Rosporden. It adheres to the Parti Breton separatist. It takes part in the Congrès panceltic of Quimper of 1924, with Yann Sohier, Youen Drezen, Jakez Riou, Abeozen, Marcel Guieysse, under the banner of Breiz Atao. His wife affirms in her memories: “It reads much the French Action and is penetrated of Maurras that it quoted me: “we are for our aïeux against our parents””. In 1930, he proposes the creation of a large weekly magazine entitled the Breton People , which is not done for insufficient financing.

The GNP

When with the congress of Guingamp in August 1931, the PAB bursts between federalists and nationalists, François Debeauvais makes party of the latter and joined the Breton national Parti lately created. He preserves his post of administrator at Breiz Atao. He seems also related to the organization Gwenn ha Of the.

March 12th 1933, Debauvais publishes in Breiz Atao number 170 a program named Saga worked out by Mordrel ( Strollad Ar Gelted Adsavet : Group/Parti of the Raised Celts), by taking care well to present it like a foreign proposal to the direction of the party. Regularly he answers to the readers that are delirious them fascistic of Mordrel in Stur have nothing to do with the party.

In 1937, it prevents the Mordrel extremist from seizing the power within the GNP.

The October 25th 1938, it is constituted captive (after an exile in Belgium at Fred Moyse) and is condemned to 6 months of prison. The December 14th 1938, it is condemned, with Olier Mordrel, at one one-year suspended sentence for “attack with the unit of the nation”. It is released from prison the July 25th 1939, after confirmation of its sorrow the February 15th 1939.

The escape

With the declaration of the war between France and Germany, the party is dissolved by the government Daladier in October 1939. The goods of the party are confiscated and them destroyed files; Debauvais chooses the exile. Of Amsterdam, Mordrel and Debauvais address a proclamation to Breton, condemning the war undertaken by the France the October 25th 1939.

End 1939, whereas the war has just started, it takes refuge with Berlin “ to try to play there the chart of Breton independence in the probable possibility of a defeat of France ”.

The pangermanists then recommended the extension of Reich to all the German-speaking populations and the dismantling of the European great powers according to linguistic criteria. The creation of a Breton State rather found its supporters in the military mediums.

In January 1940, the two founders of the GNP 2 address from abroad a " Letter of War " ( Lizer Brezl ) with their militants by pointing out qu'" a Breton truth does not have the right to die for France ". They add: " Our enemies since always and those of now are the French, it is them which did not cease causing wrong to Brittany ". In April 1940, following the example Roger Breaking, it conceives a project of unloading per submarine on the coast of the Leon to enable him to reconstitute the GNP in clandestinity. It gives up it after the intervention of Mordrel.

The May 7th 1940, Olier Mordrel and are considered to him by contumacy by the military Tribunal of Rennes for “breach of security external of the State and with the integrity of the territory, maintenance or recruitment of a dissolved group, provocation of soldiers to the desertion and treason”. They are degraded militarily and condemned to death. At the beginning of May 1940, it directs to Berlin alleged “a Breton government in exile” (Bretonische Regierung). It however does not make with Mordrel figure of chiefs combined in exile. Their presence is against the official decisions, they can however circulate thanks to the complicity of the agents of the secret service acquired with the idea of the Breton independence, which made them deliver passports of " Statenlos ", reserved for the Stateless people. Debauvais then takes the loanword of Durieux . The June 22nd 1940, it returns from exile to Rennes (the Germans entered to Rennes the June 18th).

The return

July 1st 1940, it returns to Brittany, following the invasion Nazi. In July 1940, with the “Congress” of Pontivy, Debeauvais and Mordrel create the Breton National committee. It decides also the edition of a new review the Breton Hour . 201 numbers will appear between July 1940 and June 1944 (its first writer will be Morvan Lebesque).

In retirement

In October 1940, its health condition worsens (it is reached Tuberculose) and the doctors prescribe rest to him. It moves away then from the party (however it will take part in the ousting of Mordrel at the end of 1940 and the nomination of Raymond Delaporte). However, it is left with the variation by the new direction which does without him, with its great spite.

It is isolated political responsibilities of the GNP, after December 1940, when Olier Mordrel is put out-circuit. It takes its distances and plans to gather the Breton nationalist elements out of the GNP. Its goal is then to rejoin in the optics of the National-socialisme, the members of a left Breton Nationaliste that the so-called policy of right-hand side of the GNP could upset: " Right vital of the Breton community within the framework occidental" , " Breton national-socialisme " , " cultural collaboration, narrow economic policy with new Europe " , " anticapitalism and antijudéo-Communism " were the slogans which it planned to define the countryside that it intended to carry out, thanks to the diffusion of an press agency initulé Breton Fraternity , then Brittany Socialiste … which was born never (proposed the November 2nd 1941). He is secretary of the commission history of the Celtic Institut of Brittany, between 1941 and 1943.

In January 1944, embanked by tuberculosis, it is allowed in a private clinic of Colmar.

Attempt at return

However it tries to take again the bar on the party by guaranteeing the carried out adventurous ones however (Bezen Perrot, scission of the party and creation of new a Breiz Atao). But he dies the March 20th 1944 with Colmar.

At the time to die he declared: Comrades of the Formation Perrot, I greet you. (…) It is not because we believe that the Germany will leave victorious the gigantic conflict, that since the first day of the war we are at his sides. Our choice does not concern opportunism, but a common design of the world on essential points. (…) The situation is already very clarified, while returning to the policy of Breiz Atao which was very of clearness. This policy consisted, from the external point of view, to seek the German support. We worked there with others, during nearly twenty years.

Before dying, it will put his son at the Jeunesses hitlériennes at Zillisheim.

He was the husband of Anna Youenou.

Publications

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