Framed personal Work - SpeedyLook encyclopedia

Presentation

Stakes of the reform

points to be developed

initiation with alternative research
with the lecturing, pedagogy differentiated
crossing from the disciplines
team work of the teachers

Chronology

1998: inquire near the high-school pupils:

In order to validate in experiments the concept as of the School year a 1999-2000 application is operated in some class S per series in each Académie. It does not concern whereas the classes of first and must lead to the writing of a Protocole of framing for the experimentation.

The following year (2000-2001) it is the generalization of the exercise to the whole of the general classes of first of the series (Literary, Économique and Social, Scientifique).

The introduction of the TPE in final class, in 2001-2002, makes it possible to the same pupils to pass a optional test to the baccalaureat according to provisional methods of evaluation.

In 2002 one sees the generalization of the TPE in final class. The test remains optional with the baccalaureat, but is affected of a coefficient 2 (only points with the top of 10 being deferred on the total note of the examination)

By preoccupations with an economy mainly, activity TPE is removed in 2005-2006 for the pupils in final class, but remain obligatory in class of first. In order to perennialize the activity, it is the subject of an obligatory test anticipated as from 2006 (like the French test). The note is then deferred on the session following, and equipped with a coefficient 2.

series S (problem of IF > EPP)
series L ES
series ST

Subjects

National and prone topics

The official texts give national topics common or specific to the series of the baccalaureat. Sufficient vast, they must lead the grass researcher to wonder about problems of the world which surrounds it. The subject of TPE is obtained by variation of the national topic. Its precise definition belongs to the research task. Finally the put question, constituting the problems, must be used as discussion thread with the activity.

The answer to the problems must be done in all humility, and within the framework of the concepts defined in the school programs. Of course, under the benevolence of the teachers, certain variations can be allowed when they bring to the pupil a real blooming.

For example the Man and nature is a national topic common to all the series (year 2006-2007). According to the case one will be able to treat “ great discoveries ”, “ exploitation of the resources ”, or of the “ industrial accidents ” etc and more precisely of the “ risks related to the reduction of the Biodiversité ” for example.

In the scientific series (Engineerings), the topic Environnement and progress can lead on a subject on “ the design and the company ” that the pupils will treat by showing the “ differences in method ” between two industrial eras.

Officially, the definition of the subjects is with the load of the teachers. In practice it is shown that is not good since the exercise becomes imposed. It is preferable that the pupils them even choose the problem which they can deal with. With load them teaching to validate this choice.

How to choose a subject

There exist mainly two methods to define a subject. That previously quoted rising from a variation of the national topics by word game keys.

The contrary step for the undecided pupils is an alternative. Each one has its passions, and the TPE makes it possible to have another glance in this respect. Another approach would be the question that one forever dared to pose. It then remains to find the bond with the official topics, who often directed towards the phenomena of our company, take action pursuant easily.

Thus pupils wanting to make “ something on the Cheval ” had recourse to the Étude and the modeling of the movement of a shoe , fixed on the topic Espace and movement (topic 2001). There exist the same an infinity of case treating of the Trajectoire Ballon S all Sport S confused.

Organization

Schedule and context of work

The implementation of the TPE occupies two hours of the week, preferably in only one block. It is envisaged to the maximum 18 weeks over the year (either 36 hours). This schedule must be equitably distributed according to three great phases: one period of research (definition of the precise subject, forecast of the means of development, seeks bibliographical), an experimental phase or of analysis, and finally working of the final documents.

This schedule attests modesty of work required. It is not a question of a Thèse of doctorate. It is quite difficult for a teenager to distinguish the step from the result. And it is not rare to see them making overtime to polish the final production sometimes unnecessarily. From now on the whole of the documents, parts of examination, must be given before a deadline, under penalty of nullity.

Work is done in whole class with the presence of at least a teacher (see paragraph below). However the work of the pupils is done by permanent group from two to five members: Three is an excellent compromise (recommended by BO to see references), since it limits the number of groups to be followed (up to 13 different subjects in a class), and allows each one in a group to express itself. There is more idea with three than to two, and risks it too large groups is to see certain pupils taking down.

The workspace is variable according to the series. Because of diversity of the developed subjects, the class can be burst in the establishment. Thus, the Information center and of information or the room Multimédia is the privileged places of the first phase. The Laboratory S specialized (physical sciences and biology, workshops…), the classrooms are also placed at the disposal. That poses indeed a problem of monitoring (responsibility for the teachers) and was the subject of a text particular to the official Bulletin of State education (BO n°2 of January 11th, 2001 (memorandum n°2001-007 of the 8-1-2001).

Multidisciplinarity

The strong idea of the TPE is to decompartmentalize teaching and to bring the pupils to the crossing of the disciplines . One of the posted objectives being the cohesion of the teaching team. The exercise, for the pupils, certainly easier in scientific series, where the couple Mathematical/Physique seems obvious, becomes really relevant when it brings closer an exact science and a social science.

With these beginnings, the team of framing being limited to two teachers, the majority of the pupils planchaient on subjects with the crossing of the same disciplines. The last texts speak about at least two disciplines, but the framing remains however limited to two professors. It is thus on their spare time and that of the teachers that the pupils can validate some advanced their research.

Teaching framing

For a class, two teachers have in load the follow-up of the pupils, at a rate of one hour counted for each one what caused the grogne trade unions. Pedagogically, the exercise acceptable only with the permanent presence of the two teachers, is not then obliged to sacrifice one hour of their timetable (on 18 of a contract of Professor certified). Today the problem is not any more, since in a context of globality of the hours, 2:00 /semaine over 18 weeks corresponds well to a 1:00 /semaine for one year whole.

But the main thing Paradox of the reform, at its beginnings, rests on the framing voluntariate of the professors: even if the exercise is obligatory for the pupils, the teachers of a class could refuse such an assignment. The framing then having to be assured by foreign professors with the class (encountered case), which can constitute an excellent thing for pupils at ease but a Handicap for those presenting of the difficulties.

The test of baccalaureat

Scale of notation

The final note sanctioning the work of the pupils not only takes counts of it the result if not the step followed to arrive there. That means that part of the note is assumed by the professors framing, the other concerning the responsibility for a jury evaluating an oral service and the documents produced. Moreover the note is individual. However team work being one of the constraints important, certain points will be allotted to the whole of the members of a group.

This work made moreover the object of an appreciation (without quantified note) in the School report, which can thus be taken into account by the Jury of the baccalaureat for the attribution of a mention or the delivery of the Diplôme.

Documents produced and consulted for the notation

a production final commune, illustrating work (but distinct from the oral presentation) which can take various forms. (sketches, newspaper, diaporama, Web pages, scientific experiments, posters, panels, model, or any other form which appears judicious to the pupils). It is noted on 4 points.

a logbook individual or collective. It is about a true book of test, on which all must be consigned (tests, calculations, sketch, bibliographical reference). So for a greater legibility, it is recommended to hold a page of presentation for each meeting, being used as summary (with clean) of the activity of the meeting. Behavior of the notebook (assiduity and organization) been the subject of 4 points (of the final note) by the professors framing the TPE.

a individual synthesis . This note of 2 points, obligatorily typed, is written at the end of work. The imposed use of the computer tools for its drafting falls under the program of the data-processing Brevet and Internet (B2i), aiming at familiarizing the whole of the pupils for the use of the tool. The individual record sheet distinguishes personal work provides compared to the work of the group, presents the TPE and its unfolding (Prone, problematic, questioning, limits of the subject, choices carried out, stages of work…), and possibly a critical analysis and personal impressions as for the lived teaching experiment.

Activities cash in the notation

a oral presentation . At the time of the expiry, the group presents its project to a jury of 2 teachers exempting the declared cross disciplines of the TPE. One total duration the oral service corresponding to 10 minutes per member, is divided in two stages of equivalent duration: The presentation during which the jury does not intervene, and an open discussion directed by the members of the jury and allowing him to evaluate the share of work of each candidate. Are taken into account in the note, the clearness of the speech, the relevant use of documents (projections of images, panels). The note of oral examination, on 6 points, is personal. The right time-sharing of word is thus important.

the assiduity : the four points missing out of 20 relate to the attitude of the pupil during the meetings of TPE. It thus carries the regularity of the efforts, the effectiveness in the step, the will to progress, curiosity… They are thus left with the appreciation of the team framing.

Reproaches made with the TPE

Some sometimes reproach the TPE for being set up primarily not to interest the pupil, but especially to increase the notes of the vat, this work of group appearing relatively easy, with in particular a notation generally not very severe. However, a thorough knowledge of the subject is necessary really to gain points, even if the TPE are seldom noted in lower part of 10/20.

See too

Internal bonds

TIPE : TPE in Preparatory class at the universities in France

External bonds

Official texts and references

Official sites:

Texts, topics, various information
Site Eduscol

Texts of the Official Bulletin of State education, that one to find starting from the bonds above.

BO n°41 of November 10th, 2005 (Memorandum n°2005-174 of November 2nd, 2005): anticipated test
BO n°31 of September 1st, 2005 (stopped of July 29th, 2005): anticipated test
BO n°39 of October 27th, 2005 (Memorandum n°2005-166 of October 20th, 2005): group of 3 pupils recommended
BO n°2 of January 11th, 2001 (memorandum n°2001-007 of the 8-1-2001): responsibility for the teachers

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