The fourteen needs fundamental represent a conceptual model in social sciences and in particular in care male nurses. They belong to the Courants of thought nurse and are proposed by Virginia Henderson since 1947.

__TOC

Description of the model

According to the model of Virginia Henderson, the fundamental needs for the human being can be classified according to an ordered list that the health professionals use at the time of the care of a person Malade or in Santé.

Virginia Henderson establishes its classification basing on a paradigmatic vision, by an approach at the same time biological and physiological (the primary education needs), psychological and social (the secondary needs), and even spiritual (Bien-être, tertiary Besoin, Homéostasie and personal Développement).

The model presented included the concept of satisfaction of the need, i.e. the Capacity and the Motivation to fill a loss, to maintain or improve a state. According to the model, a need can be reached only if the needs upstream are already satisfied.

This diagrammatic vision of operation and the human Besoin S is a guide for looking after. The grid of the fourteen needs is also used to establish the anamnèse of a person or a Recueil of data male nurse, when it is it applicant of care, in particular of care male nurses.

Classification of the needs

1. To breathe.

2. : Capacity of a person to maintain a level of gaseous exchange sufficient and a good oxygenation.
3. To drink and to eat.
4. : Capacity of a person to being able to drink or eat, to chew and swallow. Also to be hungry and absorb sufficient nutrients to capitalize energy necessary to its activity.
5. To eliminate.
6. : Capacity of a person to being autonomous to eliminate saddles and urine and to ensure its intimate hygiene. Also to eliminate waste from the operation of the organization.
7. to be driven, preserve a good posture and to maintain a adequate Blood circulation.
8. : Capacity of a person to only move or with average mechanics, to arrange its residence in an adequate way and to feel a comfort. Also to know the limits of its body.
9. To sleep, Rest er.
10. : Capacity of a person to sleep and to feel rested. Also to manage its tiredness and its potential energy.
11. to dress themselves and undress themselves.
12. : Capacity of a person to be able to get dressed and strip themselves, to buy clothing. Also to build its physical and mental identity.
13. To maintain the temperature body in values close to the normal.
14. : Capacity of a person to be equipped according to her environment and to appreciate the limits of them.
15. To be clean, neat and to protect its tegument S.
16. : Capacity of a person to wash, maintain its level of hygiene, to take care of it and to make use of products to maintain its skin, to feel a wellbeing and to feel beautiful. Also to be perceived through the glance of others.
17. To avoid the Danger S.
18. : Capacity of a person to maintain and promote her physical integrity and mental, in knowledge of the potential dangers of its environment.
19. To communicate with its similar.
20. : Capacity of a person to being included/understood and including/understanding thanks to the attitude, the word, or a code. Also to form part of a social group, with fully living its emotional relations and its sexuality.
21. To act according to its Belief S and its values.
22. : Capacity of a person to know and promote her own principles, beliefs and values. Also to imply them in the sense that she wishes to give to her life.
23. to occupy itself in order to be carried out.
24. : Capacity of a person to have play activities or creative, leisures, to imply them in its car-realization and to preserve its Regard of oneself. Also to hold you a role in an social organization.
25. to be recreated (to divert).
26. : Capacity of a person to slacken and to cultivate themselves. Also to invest themselves in an activity which is not centered on personal problems and to test a personal satisfaction of it.
27. To learn.
28. : Capacity of a person to be learned from others or of an event and to be able to evolve/move. Also to adapt to a change, to enter in Impact strength and to being able to transmit a knowledge.