See also: Foundation

foundation The foundations of a Ouvrage ensure the transmission and the burden-sharing (actual weight and climatic overloads and of use) of this work on the ground. The mode of foundation will be established according to the bearing Capacité ground. Either the ground in place has sufficient qualities so that one can found the work there, or its qualities are poor and it should then be reinforced.

Foundations of a work

One distinguishes the shallow foundations from the deep foundations:

• the shallow foundations either are isolated (specific) and one will speak about Plot S from foundations or isolated Semelle S (for example under a Poteau) or slipping by (linear) and one will speak about Semelle S slipping by under a veil or a Mur). They rest on a ground chosen for its characteristics Géomécanique S, called Niveau of sitted or Fond of trunk.

When the bearing capacity of the bottom of trunk is not homogeneous, the implementation of a general Radier will be an economic alternative to the deep foundations.

When the works of infrastructure are subjected to the horizontal components of the hydrostatic pressures, the realization of a Cuvelage will be sometimes necessary to guarantee watertightness (opposite principle of the swimming pool).

• the deep foundations (for example pious, the micropieux ones, slurry trench walls, bars) request the ground by two types of action.

• the first is the friction of the foundation on the ground which surrounds it, and which offers a resistance to the depression thus.
• the second is the term of point which corresponds to the pedestal bridge bearing of the foundation on an acceptable ground of quality.

The Engineer in charge of the study of the type of foundation and the level with sat of a work is a Géotechnicien.

Reinforcement of ground

Technique which consists in improving the characteristics Mécanique S of a ground (in particular its Portance) when it is unfavorable to construction. Generally, that consists is to be included resistant elements in the ground (for example: riprap), in order to “tighten it” by compaction, is there to amalgamate a binder (for example lime or Ciment) or to inject there purée or resin S. There exist also methods exploiting expulsion of the Eau (consolidation).

See too

• Earthwork in self-help housing

External bonds

Pious
• : www.sbpieux.fr - www.sefi-intrafor.com
• Tunage:
• slurry Trench walls: www.soletanche-bachy.com -

• Micropieux : www.sefi-intrafor.com

• Injections: www.soletanche-bachy.com - www.sefi-intrafor.com

• Jet grouting: www.soletanche-bachy.com

• ballastées Columns: www.soletanche-bachy.com

• Colonnes with module controls: www.menard-soltraitement.com

• civil engineering:

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