Format of the catches of sight numerically

In the field of the Numeric photography, the quality of the recorded image depends on the format of the catch of sight and the format of recording .

the format of the catch of sight defines the number of points used on the horizontal one and the vertical to represent the catch of sight. This parameter depends for its maximum value on the characteristics on the Capteur on the camera.

On the majority of the numerical cameras, the format of the catch of sight can be reduced by selection, this in order to optimize the occupation of the memory.

The characteristics of the sensor are generally expressed in Méga Pixel S and represent the product of these two values.

the formats of recording indicate at the same time the treatment and the way in which are written in memory information from the sensor of the apparatus.

They can be several types:

RAW : no treatment was carried out on the photo catch. The data are directly those acquired by the sensor (but they are also very specific sensor and/or Camera) and must be the subject of a Dématriçage by means of a specialized software.

This format is to some extent the equivalent of a “latent image” of the digital photograph, suited to all the possibilities of secondary treatment (corrections of the sensitivity, contrast, chromatic balance). Each manufacturer thus proposes his own mode Raw (of which the extension of file is specific), which requires a software of Raw conversion to be easily handled and diffused. The use of Raw thus adds a stage in the flow of production of images, with the profit of the quality of the image to the final one.

DNG : Adobe places at the disposal of the manufacturers a unifying standard to mitigate the problem of the multiplicity of the Raw formats and the problems related to their conservation for the years to come. At present, Pentax uses it on certain reflex cameras (ex: K10D) and Adobe propose free a software of Raw conversion towards DNG.
Format tiff: the data gathered by the sensor were not compressed but are stored in a general format of digital image. The size of the data file remains very high, but quality is completely preserved.
Différentes other denominations are used by the manufacturers to describe various formats of compression (generally using the algorithm of compression JPEG).

Being given the difficulty of describing compression precisely, the manufacturers invented denominations like Fine , Super Fine , etc or like Super High Quality , High Quality , etc and their abbreviations. But these denominations seldom have precise correspondences. It is noticed only that they give an indication of resulting quality (JPEG compress by deteriorating the image) and thus - indirectly - an indication of the resulting size.

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