Logico-formal sciences (or formal sciences) deductively explore , according to rules of formation and demonstration, axiomatic systems. It is for example of the Mathématiques or the Logique.

Algebra

The algebra is the branch of mathematics which studies the algebraic structures, independently of the concept of limit (attached to the analysis) and of the concept of chart (attached to the geometry).

The study of the algebraic structures can be made in a way unified within the framework of the universal algebra.

Mathematical

Mathematics is a field of knowledge built by hypothético-deductive reasoning, or the absurdity, relative with concepts such as the numbers, the figures, the structures and the changes. Mathematics indicates also the field of research aiming at developing this knowledge, as well as the discipline which teaches them.

Geometry

Traditionally, the geometry is the part of mathematics which studies the figures in the plan and space with 3 dimensions. Now, the geometry is the name given to several branches of mathematics, which draws their sources in the geometry with the traditional direction, but which diverges by their methods, and which was constituted in autonomous disciplines. It is thus difficult to define what is the geometry so as to include all these geometries.

Data-processing

Data processing (automated information) indicates the automation of the data processing by a system, concrete (machine) or abstract. In its current meaning, data processing indicates the whole of sciences and technology in connection with the data processing. In the popular speech, data processing can also indicate what refers to the computer material (electronics), and office automation.

Logical

Logic (of the Greek λόγος (logos), which wants to say, inter alia, reason or speech) is in a first approaches the study of the formal rules which any correct deduction must comply with.

It is since antiquity one of the great disciplines of philosophy, with ethics and metaphysics. Moreover, one attended during the XXe century the fulgurating development of a mathematical and data-processing approach of logic. It nowadays finds many applications in engineering, linguistics, cognitive psychology, analytical philosophy or communication.

Topology

Topology is a branch of mathematics concerning the study of the space deformations by continuous transformations (without pullings up nor sticking together of the structures).

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