Old forging mills located on the commune of Chammes (Mayenne), in forest of Charnie on the river the Erve, on the road connecting Chammes to Saint-Jean-on-Erve. They functioned of 1657 with 1870.

History

Old stronghold and field driving of Thorigné and in sub-fief of Holy-Suzanne, Moncors is included/understood in the goods given for the restoration of the Abbaye of Évron in 989.

See also: Raoul III of Beaumont-with-Maine

Guillaume, lord of Brocin, return consent to Holy-Suzanne in 1409 for his ground of Moncors, " lodging to which has a house covered out of slate and a chapelle" .

The acquisition of the ground of Moncor in 1532 by Rene Girard , lord of Hermet and creator of forging mills of this name with Jublains, does not make it possible to affirm the establishment of forging mills on the territory as of the 16th century. The transformation of the ores of Large the Charnie, which depended on Baronnie on Holy-Suzanne, was carried out then with the forging mills of the Courses established more in north, on the river of Erve.

Rene Girard leaves the pleasure for life to Arthuse de Lignières , and, in spite of an attempt at feudal withdrawal by the baron of Holy-Suzanne (represented then by Marguerite de France widowed of Charles IV of Alençon), transmits it to the Launay , its heirs, on whom there was acquisition towards 1650 by Henri de Daillon , lord of Face and count of the Lude.

It is him which creates the forging mills of Moncor towards 1657. In 1664, Henri de Daillon grants an annual rent of 150 pounds to Perrine Regnauldin widowed of Robert Doulx , sior of Panneterye “for the loss which she suffers from the floods of part of her meadows and ground depending on her places on Thébert by the moien on construction and incavation on the estang and forging mills on Moncor that the dict lord count de Lude would have made make since seven to eight years” . The construction of the establishment was probably due to Adrien Riverain , sior of Launay , ironmaster quoted in 1664 and 1668. It in parallel directed the forging mills of Cosnuère of which he had been the builder in 1651.

In 1674, the forging mills were directed by Liger de Bienvenu which continued the lease signed by his/her Philippe brother, which he inherited. The consistency of the factory is described in a text of 1690 which mentions: “a forging mill to beat iron, including/understanding markets, furnaces, splitting mills, bocambre (…), ponds, sharp river, furnace and pond of Saint Nicolas's Day for the cast iron of the mines” . This last furnace had belonged to the Count of Lude, before being attached to the forging mills of Moncor. It produced the cast iron refined with the forging mill close to Cosnuère which did not have yet its own furnace of Lessivet.

The twenty last years of the 17th century were remembered by several consecutive lawsuits with a threat of seizure of the ground of Face - whose the Forging mills depended on Moncor - on Anne Louise de Bouillé , girl and heiress of the Duchess of Lude, Renee Éléonore de Bouillé .

See also: Castle of Face

The business finished in 1694 for the benefit of Anne Louise de Bouillé which remained in possession of its grounds. Of 1692 with 1710, the ironmaster was Claude Hubert which directed jointly the Forging mills of Chemiré. It had as a successor Robert-Urbain Cassin , judge consul of Angers, which entrusted the management of the establishment to a director, Rene Galpin .

The following lease, of December 1725, was entrusted to Bernard and Louis Dubois for the sum of 22.400 books. In May 1726, the takers formed a company, whose constitutive instrument stresses that Bernard Dubois was to live the house of the forging mills and that a clerk was charged to hold the book of the receipts and expenditure. This association did not last and as from June 1730, only Louis Dubois , sior of Rocheray , continued the lease.

In March 1732, the ground and seigniory of Face, including Moncor, was allocated to the president Jean-Louis Portail , knight, adviser of the king, for the sum of 560.000 books. Succeeding Louis Dubois, Pierre Lefêvre of the Bar took up duties in November 1734. At the limit of its lease, in November 1744, it was replaced by two brothers-in-law, Rene Dufay and Nicolas Perdrigeon de Choron , this already main last of the forging mills of Lime , in Normandy. The direction of the factory was entrusted to Charles-Joseph Perdrigeon de Goisly , brother of the taker. Returned 1744 mentions a forging mill with two fineries and a blast furnace. That of Saint Nicolas's Day , damaged by floods, was not included/understood any more in the lease since 1710. Shown following carried out the in December 1753, at the entry of Jean-Baptiste Prévost , trader and former consul of the jurisdiction of Angers, does not let foresee any major modification in the composition of the factory.

A little later president Portail signed several contracts with Charles-Henri Desportes de Linières , officer of the queen, resulting from a family of and ironmasters, Catherine Louise Marguerite the Prince , his wife. The first is a nine years lease signed in July 1756 for the forging mills of Moncor, splitting mill, furnace, dependences and 140 arpents of wood coppice per annum, with the help of 20.000 books of rent. A few years later, it yielded to them, as farm, the castle, the fields, strongholds and dependences of the ground of Face, to which was added the possibility of buying half of the scaffold-poles of its forest. Returned carried out in 1762 quotes the boiler room, the fineries d'" in haut" and " of in bas" , the blast furnace, the splitting mill, the shop of the marshal, etc Another act authorized Henri Pierre Desportes de Corlevé to retain 12.000 books on the tenant farming for the re-establishment of the blast furnace of Saint Nicolas's Day .

In November 1768, the consent of the marquisat of Face makes by Jean-Louis Portail mentioned the forest of Face, known as of Large the Charnie , cash 1559 arpents 57 poles, the site of the furnace of Saint Nicolas's Day , in ruin, as well as the markets, the mud pits, the pond and the roadway. In May 1770, returning consent for the stronghold of Moncor, “it declares and confesses to hold with faith and homage because of the Holy-Suzanne châtellenie of Thorigné depend on the castle on , the ground, stronghold and seigniory of Moncor located in the parish of Chammes and Midsummer's Day” , which consisted in particular in “a house being used to place an ironmaster made up of a low room, cooks, office, seven rooms of lime pit foot, three Upper Houses, large court encloses, garden behind approximately newspaper and demy, a house with the bottom of icelui, an orchard or boscau of approximately a newspaper, a close bakery and in front of stable-lad. Turn, stable, a vault lately built under the invocation of Saint-Charles, a forging mill with iron where formerly was a mill, fendrie, furnace, boiler room, two fineries, two markets, ditches, pond, fitted, and sixteen small houses to place the blacksmiths whose depend approximately four newspapers on garden, the whole in one holding and containing together twenty arpents…” Desportes de Lignières succeeded Pierre Prévost-Dugué . The lease, signed for nine years in February 1772, was to begin at All Saints' day 1780. Before taking possession of the rented goods, Pierre Prévost-Dugué associated with his future exploitation - also including/understanding the forging mills of Chemiré - his/her brother, Rene Prévost-Dugué , and its brother-in-law, Alexandre Bumblebee-Durocher , for a third each one. With the death of Rene Prévost , in November 1784, three inventories were established: the first with Angers for the goods held in this city, the second for Moncor and the last for Chemiré and Cosnuère . The succession was announced prejudicial with the company, but in spite of a lawsuit with the other heirs, win was given to the associates.

When the Révolution burst, the marquisat of Face with its dependences was property of Louise Aglaé de Conflans d' Armentières , grand-daughter of Jean-Louis Portail and marries Charles de Rohan-Montbazon . It is on them that the forging mills were seized in the An II. The receiver of the recording of Holy-Suzanne proceeded to the adjudication of a new lease in January 1797 (pluviôse An V), asserting that “the lease of the forging mill of Moncor and the fields while depending authorized by the emigrant Rohan-Montbazon to the citizen Provost-Duguay expired at All Saints' day millet seven hundred and ninety eight old men stile, that one could not also wait for an object interesting the expiry of the lease to renew it considering the great preparations which would be obliged to make the new contractor and the goods of all species relating to the forging mills with which it would be obliged to provide itself by advance”. The setting at price was fixed at 15.000 books, the enchérisseurs were Rigault , of the Mans, Alexandre Bumblebee-Durocher , ironmaster, which remained with the Mans, Mathurin Julien Dalibourg , of Holy-Suzanne, and Joseph-Pierre Géhard-Seyeux , of Laval. It is the latter which carried it with a bidding of 33.000 books; the lease was allocated for nine years as from November 1798 (brumaire An VII).

After a made estimate in June 1798 (meadow Year VI) the forging mills and their dependences were sold the next on August 8th (Thermidor 21 An VI) with François Dutertre , of Mayenne, which “has on the field named with his place and places the citizen Jean-François Dudevant , chief of brigade to the 14th regiment of hunters with horse”, " of account with démi" with Joseph Géhard . The general Dudevant , in addition mayor of Pompiey, (Batch and the Garonne), was the husband of Gabrielle-Louise of the Door , which had goods in Mayenne and the father of Maurice Dudevant, husband of George Sand.

Dudevant sells then to its Géhard associate: the day following the adjudication, on August 9th (Thermidor 22 An VI) the Dudevant husbands yielded to J.P. Géhard-Seyeux and his wife Victoire , future ironmasters as contractors of the lease of February 1797, half of the property of the forging mills. Three years later, by act of June 1801 (meadow Year IX), they sold other half to them. The husbands Géhard-Seyeux became thus owners of the totality of the forging mills and, for the first time, the property and the farm of Moncor were joined together in the same hands.

In 1825 Michel Knight , former sub-prefect, husband of Anne-Renee Géhard , sold in the name of Géhard with Alexandre Bumblebee-Durocher .

Forging mills of XVIIe at the XIXe century

It is probable that the establishment of forging mills dates at least from the acquisition of Moncors by the Girard which had already the forging mills of Hermet. But it was the lord of Face which, towards 1657, created the large forging mills.

See also: Castle of Face

It reaches agreement in 1664 with young lady the Soft one of the Bread store, rams stronghold of Théber T, about the height of the pond of its forging mill.

In 1690, there was " forge to beat iron, including/understanding markets, furnaces, fendrie, bocambre and all other ustensils to make and manufacture irons: ponds, sharp river, furnace and pond of Saint Nicolas's Day for the cast iron of the mines" .

Mr. Portail made rebuild the furnaces of Saint Nicolas's Day détriuits by a rising of 1710, in spite of the opposition of the marquis of sourches which pretexted the shortage of wood and added that if one could raise all the old furnaces of the canton, there was not less than four and six glassmakings . It was answered him that the forging mill of Moncors with its appendices could have the wood of Moncors, Holy-Suzanne, the Valley (Blandouet) , Montécler (Châtres-the-Forest) , the Vault (the Vault-Rainsouin) , Langé, etc… The general inspector delivered an favorable opinion after investigation of December 27th 1768. One mentions then: the house of the ironmaster, the vault of Saint-Charles, lately built, forging mill with iron in place of an old mill, fendrie, furnace, boiler room, two fineries, two markets, sixteen small houses for the blacksmiths . The output was in 1768 of 600.000 iron klivres per annum, of breakable quality, and which ran out with Laval, Castle-Gontier and especially Angers.

The Republic sequestered wood and the forging mill, leased it with the citizen Besnard , who made in 1793 urgent repairs with Moncors and the furnace of the " sior Nicolas" (Saint Nicolas's Day), and, become chief of the legion of the district of Évron, establishes there a detachment which, with the assistance of the blacksmiths, was going to close the churches of the country.

In 1796, Prevost , new farmer, made raise cuttings off to ensure the stay of the troop, to put it in a position to resist the incursions of Chouans and to preserve " this national" establishment; their devastations.

Near the forging mills, on the moor of Blandouet , on March 22nd 1796, three chouans assassinates a republican young girl, Perrine Dugué, on March 22nd 1796.

See also: Perrine Dugué

With peace, prosperity returned. The sale which was made in 1825 at the costs of 160.000 F includes/understands house of Master with garden, court; the large furnace with three fires and the large foundry, the housing of the blacksmiths, the furnace of Saint Nicolas's Day , ponds; 160 hectares of wood, 160 hectares of moors, 32 hectares of field.

In 1840, the production, with 250 workmen and tools including/understanding laundrette with arm, two blast furnaces, two hearths of fineries, a boiler room, a fire of fendrie, a machine to be split, four waterwheels , was doubled compared to 1768: 300.000 kilos of iron folding and 320.000 kilos of cast iron.

The free trade was right of an industry which on the spot found ore, fuel and driving force. The ore extraction ceased towards 1852.

Trades with the forging mills of Moncor in first half of the XIXe century

The Registry office of the commune of Chammes gives precise indications on the diversity of the business then exerted to the forging mills:
Date of the statement, Name, First name, Trade, Age:
1824 04 30 Appert Louis Refiner 24
1824 01 14 Appert Francoise Fileuse
1822 12 13 Appert Pierre Carpenter 54
1843 12 22 Aubert Pierre Fendeur 36
1814 08 20 Graduate Jean Luc Refiner
1834 03 01 Graduate of the Mills Jean Rene Blacksmith 38
1841 01 00 Béatrix François Splitter 46
1834 07 28 Béatrix Louis Auguste Blacksmith 44
1811 04 26 Religious bigot Ironmaster Louis of Moncor
1812 07 20 Bubble Pierre Servant of refiner , Refiner 1814 , Blacksmith 1841
1842 06 17 Boutier François Farmer (Smallholding) 49
1841 01 00 Boutier Marie Pelagie Cultivatrice (Smallholding) 23
1841 02 13 Boutier Joseph Farmer (Smallholding) 22
1840 10 02 Boutier Louis Farmer (Smallholding) 25
1835 03 09 Brossard Jean Marshal 27
1840 02 08 Brosset Victor Refiner 28
1822 12 16 Camus François Guard 59
1841 02 16 Chasseray Jean Carrying 68
1840 01 12 Chaumond Joseph Splitter 27
1824 04 02 Compain Renee Midwife
1811 10 24 Compain Marin Cultivateur (Smallholding of Moncor)
1813 09 04 Horned Carrying Julien 53
1835 04 30 David says Lachesnais Pierre Joseph Garde particular 37
1822 03 13 Desbleds Jean Marshal 29
1838 12 31 Duclos Jean Rene Marteleur 45
1814 10 28 Duclos Rene Blacksmith
1836 05 01 Dugué Directing Adolphe of the Forging mills 34
1823 04 08 Foliot Domestic Francoise 32
1845 09 10 Frétigné Jacques Made (1842) 32
1830 02 23 Frétigné Pierre Driver-Blacksmith (1814) - Propriétaire 1845 23
1833 01 12 Frétigné Jacques Marteleur (ex-)
1812 12 30 Furon Louis Carpenter
1834 05 23 Genuy (Genuit) Jean Charpentier 38
1831 04 24 Genuy (Genuit) Etienne Charpentier 49
1845 09 10 Georges Michel Marshal 32
1823 03 12 Griollier François Blacksmith 40
1821 07 31 Guyard François Vincent Splitter 41
1839 04 12 Hardy Jean-Baptiste Miller (Mill) 30
1827 04 16 Hedgehog Pierre Rene Made
1812 12 30 Kerleguer François Blacksmith
1843 04 09 Baillif Auguste Made 44
1813 04 16 Baillif (wire) Joseph Marshal
1813 04 16 Baillif (father) Joseph Marshal
1834 07 28 Go Rene (known as " Lazare") Blacksmith 65
1834 02 01 Guy Hippolyte François Marshal
1830 03 31 Monnier Pierre Rene Working 30
1824 05 10 Monnier Louis Servant of Driver 21
1826 05 21 Domestic Peltier Joseph (Smallholding)
1840 09 30 Ledily François Marie Blacksmith 28
1842 01 13 Lemeunier Pierre Blacksmith 42
1841 06 10 Lunot Jean Christmas Blacksmith 28
1835 01 30 Maigret Pierre Julien Blacksmith 30
1833 10 20 Maigret Jean Refiner (1813 Blacksmith ) 32
1826 03 02 Maigret Jean Refiner 69
1829 10 09 Mélisson Pascal Daily
1831 06 03 Thousand Louis Boy miller (Mill)
1843 11 24 Moitier Jacques Valet of refiner (1814) - Forgero N 56
1812 03 11 Moitier Jacques Servant of refiner
1843 01 25 Morin Rene Blacksmith 31
1825 03 02 Patry Pierre Julien Blacksmith 32
1832 12 29 Pattier Victor Blacksmith 32
1842 05 10 Perrot Ernest Directing of the Forging mills 26
1844 08 09 Rammer Daily François 51
1824 04 15 Pig-keeper Daily François 51
1829 12 14 Querleguer Jeanne s.p. 74
1812 11 07 Renault François Carrying 69
1830 03 31 Ribot Jean Leon Working 22
1811 09 15 Richard François Marshal
1839 04 12 Richefeux Julien Miller (Mill) 23
1838 07 09 Richefeux Michel Miller (Mill) 61
1831 06 03 Richefeux Hubert Miller (Mill)
1826 11 14 Richefeux Michel (Mill)
1812 04 09 Richefeux François Miller (Mill)
1830 08 06 Roguet Julien Daily
1840 01 12 Rousseau Julien Splitter 42
1826 09 04 Roussel Rene Blacksmith (1813) Refiner 60
1812 06 06 Roussel Pierre Rene Blacksmith 21
1813 05 07 Roussel François Blacksmith
1829 02 20 Saudubray Pierre Made
1831 05 01 Tarondeau Such (?) Directing of the Forging mill 33
1844 05 28 Constant Tessier Marteleur 27
1837 06 01 Tessier Jean Louis Blacksmith 25
1837 06 01 Tessier Frederic Jacques Blacksmith 27
1844 08 09 Tiretay Scholastique Day laborer 33
1829 10 09 Trocherie François Blacksmith 22
1825 08 25 Yellowbelly Louis Splitter 55
1813 04 16 Marine Louis Yellowbelly Splitter 19
1845 02 23 Valley Julien Domestique (Smallholding) 53
1842 01 13 Valley Guillaume Charles Blacksmith 27
1841 05 11 Valley François Blacksmith 27

To see in the surroundings

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