Foreign concessions in China

The foreign concessions in China are Chinese territory under foreign control at the 19th century and 20th century. The mode of the concessions in China was regulated by the Traité of Nankin of the August 29th 1842, the Traité river Bogue, the October 8th 1843, that of Tianjin (Tientsin) (June 1858) and various bilateral treaties with the countries concerned. These treaties are called treated unequal by the Chinese, because often were signed under the constraint. In France, one speaks also sometimes about the political of the drain-hole .

With Hankou:

the British concession of Hankou 1861-1931
the German concession of Hankou 1895
the Russian concession of Hankou 1895
the French concession of Hankou 1896-1943
the concession Japan ease of Hankou 1898

With Guangzhou Wan:

Guangzhou Wan is annexed by France on May 27th, 1898 to counterbalance the capacity of HongKong and Macao. In January 1900, the annexation transformed into a ninety years lease. It passes under the authority of the general governor of French Indo-China. Invaded by the Japanese in 1943, it is reassigned in China in 1946.

With Qingdao:

the city was yielded to Germany for ninety years in 1898. The Japanese took the control of the city in 1914. The Chinese recovered it in 1922.

With Shanghai:

the British concession is the first to see the day in 1845. Of a surface of 199 hectares, it amalgamates in 1863 with the American concession to form the international Concession of Shanghai. It is occupied starting from 1941 by the Japanese and ceases existing in 1943.
the French Concession of Shanghai created in 1849, it exists in the fact until 1943, although officially it remains French until 1946. It extended on 66 hectares.

With Tianjin:

Towards 1860, China concedes in France, in the United Kingdom and the United States a concession. In 1894, new concessions are allotted to Germany and Japan. At the end of Revolt of the Boxers, four other concessions are granted the Italy, with the Austria-Hungary, Russia and the Belgium. In 1917, the concessions German and Austro-Hungarians are dissolved following the entry in war of China at the side of the Allies. Finally, the remaining concessions are dissolved of 1943 to 1945 by the nationalist government .

With Weihai (Wei-Hai-Wei):

After obtaining by Russia of a twenty-five years lease on Port-Arthur, near, in March 1898, the United Kingdom is made grant to Weihai a lease which would last as a long time as the Russian presence in Port-Arthur. As Port-Arthur is occupied by Japan in 1905, following the Guerre Russo-Japanese woman, the agreement is modified so that the British lease lasts as much as the Japanese would be present. The concession disappeared that on October 1st 1930.

With HongKong

With Macao

See too

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