Fontenoy-the-Castle

Geography

Fontenoy it Château is located in the valley of the Côney, affluent of the the Saone, on the basin of water of the Mediterranean and is crossed by the Canal of the East now channel of the Vosges. One finds a marina there very attended. The territory of Fontenoy is sprinkled by six brooks: the brook of Trémonzey, the brook of Grurupt, the brook of Carrot or brook Lord of the manor, the brook of the meadows David, the brook of Saint-Georges and the brook of Fresse.

Toponymy

The oldest nomination proven for the commune is “Fonteniacum Castellum” in 1050. Let us fons, medieval popular Latin subsidence evolving/moving in fontana (source) and of cum (with) then of castellum (Castle). Indeed the sandy spur which supports the Castle is furrowed sources which never dry up even at the time of very dry summers.

History

Old strong, capital city of a county, Fontenoy formed formerly two distinct localities, Fontenoy-le-Chastel on left bank of Côney and Fontenoy-la-Coste which was staged out the walls out of Right Bank. During more than two centuries, Fontenoy-the-Castle was the center of one prévôté seigneuriale and a very wide county composed of 27 villages or hamlets of which Fontenois-the-City, Xertigny, Magny, Montmotier, Trémonzey, Amerey, Clerjus, Vault-with-Wood, Haudomprey, Gremifontaine.

Its position of “Ground of suspension” Fontenoy place in the middle of the conflicts between Lorraine Burgundy and .

In 1792, Fontenoy-the-Coast and Fontenoy-the-Castle make nothing any more but only one commune.

The history of Fontenoy starts at the beginning of the 11th century, when the bishops of Toul who have this franc-freehold, build a gross square tower in order to protect their field and to close the valley of the Côney. It is one of the first fortresses of the south of the the Vosges, with Épinal and Remiremont. A priory Benedictine is founded; its monks ensure the service road of the primitive Romance church and will establish a stopping on the river, to make turn a mill which will preserve their name. The city is surrounded by walls of which there remains some bases. It remains in Lorraine mobility until the end of the 13th century.

The Burgundian period

The Château of Fontenoy-the-Castle will know two large reinforcement campaigns: the powerful Burgundian family of Neufchatel, which arrives at Fontenoy in 1360, following the marriage of Thiébaut VI with Marguerite de Châlons, Dame of Fontenoy, increases the place to ensure her presence vis-a-vis the close Duché of Lorraine. It is in 1395, under their administration, that the charter of a liberality except standard is renewed: the middle-class men profit, inter alia privileges, to drive out with the dogs in the forests!

It is as under Neufchatel as the church Saint Mansuy is rebuilt, in the Gothic style blazing of second half of the 15th century (classified Historic building).

The interior of the building, clearly and luminous under richly ribbed vaults, shelters a beautiful stone pulpit, a remarkable baptismal tank and some elements of sculptor of beautiful invoice. The anthropomorphic keystones of the chorus, represent the sun and the moon, undoubtedly with the effigy of Jean II of Neufchatel and his Marguerite wife of Castro, cousin of the king of Portugal.

The return to Lorraine

Fontenoy becomes again Lorraine after the death of the duke Charles Bold the in 1477.

Ferdinand de Neufchâtel gives Fontenoy to his/her Anne daughter, wife of Guillaume, baron de Dommartin; their Louis son had a Diane girl.

Diane de Dommartin, marchioness of Harbor, baroness of Dompmartin, ram Fontenoy-the-Castle, of Bayon, Hardemont and Oginvillier. (9/30/1552 - 162?), was excellent and benevolent lady for the inhabitants of Fontenoy. She did not hesitate to give up her revenues to help Fontenaicastriens in the need nor to multiply the steps to preserve Fontenoy of the abusive taking away.

Diane de Dompmartin, thirteen years old, had married in first wedding, Rhingrave Jean-Philippe, wild Count of the Rhine and Salm. In second wedding, she married Charles Philippe de Croy, Marquis d' Havré. Philippe de Croÿ went down from kings de Hongrie, his mother was Anne of Lorraine and his godfather, future King d' Espagne Philippe II.

One second reinforcement campaign of the fortress will be undertaken at the 16th century, under Diane and its second husband Charles Philippe de Croy.

In the high enclosure of the castle, one can see the stone of foundation of this work, gone back to 1596, with the monograms of the two husbands, found at the time of the operations of cleaning of the site by the association of the Friends of the Fontenoy Old man, in 1978.

Conveying tradesmen

This place border will exploit of its position on one of the North-South natural axes of passage and its distance of the ducal capacities to develop the trade and especially goods transport. Fontenoy becomes a relay remarkably equipped under protection with the castle and behind its ramparts.

The city thus will centralize at the 16th century the production of large glass, or flat glass, ensured by the glassmakings of the vast forest of the Vôge, and will organize the distribution of it through all Europe.

Pierre Thierry is most famous of these conveyers, who assembles a true company to the modern direction of the term, with agents in the principal centers of the time. Its carriers furrow the ways between Antwerp, Bruges, Frankfurt, Geneva, Basle, Florence, Venice… it is in connection with the large German and Italian bankers. It will be anobli on January 17th, 1532.

Another dynasty of tradesman-merchants will leave here a not very ordinary trace, the Morelot family, which reports her voyages of the seedlings of Cerisiers, at the origin of the production of Kirsch of all the sector. The cherry trees of Fontenoy are the ancestors of those of Fougerolles. Three Morelot will be anoblis, them too. Jean are granted in 1585 of the weapons speaking carrying a “fruity sinople cherry tree of mouths”. All this commercial activity brings in the city famous Lombards, very present in Lorraine and which will install their bank in the tower which will bear from now on their name for the posterity. This tower, classified historic building, perhaps element of a pledged castle to the lords of the place, was able to take part in the defense of the place, with its two superimposed artillery rooms. The other name of this monument is the tower of the weight. Y were indeed preserved standards measurements suitable for Fontenoy. One still finds with the departmental records several notarial acts former to the French revolution, mentioning measurement “of Fontenoy”. Finally let us recall, to give an idea of the economic prestige of the place, that here, one beat currency, in the downstream immediate mill éponyme located of the borough.

In 1589, an edict of the duke of Lorraine applied a brake at the commercial success of Fontenoy. This edict required to expel the Protestants, but they represented most of the tradesmen of the city and also held many capital.

Fontenoy was not given of these departures when, as in all the area, fall down misfortunes of the Guerre Thirty Year old. The city is set fire to and destroyed by the French troops of Turenne and the Swedish mercenaries in August 1635.

It is necessary to await the middle of the 18th century so that a rebuilding of quality gives again in the city an air of prosperity.

After the Revolution

The French revolution sees it renamed Fontenoy in the Vosges . The files are destroyed by the revolutionists of the hamlets and dependant communes, which thus thought of destroying the documents of title. Certain families like of Prinsac, Ecquevilley, Huvé or Gerard see their goods sold like national goods. The monks who reside at the convent of the Capuchins are dispersed. Thanks to the protection of certain families and the complicity of some notable whose Siméon-Florentin Daubié (grandfather of Julie-Victoire Daubié, first graduate of France), the catholic worship and the administration of the sacraments are exerted in Fontenoy. At of Huvé, Daubié, Colleuil, Finiel, secret parts are arranged to be used as vault. The vault of Saint-Georges bought by the Poirson family like national good, protected from degradations, is returned to the worship under the Empire. At the same time, the files of the city are again destroyed by the too dedicated revolutionists who wanted to thus erase all traces of compromising.

The farmers of Fontenoy owed their prosperity with the production of Kirsch. The culture of the Cerisier had been introduced in Fontenoy by the Morlot brothers.

The forging mills, the wire-nail works, the factories of galvanized covers, tileries, the careers, the starch works and the embroidery (Embroidery of Fontenoy-the-Castle) known as white embroidery ensured of work the inhabitants of Fontenoy until the First World War. Then the decline started.

Blasonnement

Fontenoy-the-Castle had as weapons: of Azure to a gold star with five branches. These weapons are those also related to the seal of tabellionnage, a specimen is visible with the departmental records of Haute-Saône.

The decree of June 29th, 1867 authorizes Fontenoy the castle to take again the armorial bearings of which it was in the past in possession which would be covered distinctive sign, and are accompanied by the ornaments external adopted for the communes and the towns of 3rd class.

Description N: of azure to the cotice, the sixth of the ecu, money; with the franc, district of the ninth of the ecu, with sinistral of mouths, money NR surmounted by a radiant star, the same one; the summoned ecu of a money basket filled of sheaves of gold, to which two festoons are suspended being used as lambrequins, one with dextral, of olive-tree, the other with sinistral, of oaks, tied and attached by strips of mouths .

Curiosities

Monuments, buildings, museum.

Church Saint-Mansuy XVe and XVIe (MH), organ Henri Didier 1891
Turn of Lombards XIVe (MH)
Ruins of the feudal castle, XIe with XVIIe and the medieval garden on the terraces of the castle
old Vaults. On the road of Saint-wolf, Notre-Dame of the Wood Banished, pilgrimage since XVIe century. In the forest, vault of Saint-Georges, access by the road of Magny, vault ex voto (1395-1415) and vestiges of a hermitage.
Museums of the embroidery and the metallurgy. Embroidery of Fontenoy-the-Castle
Statue of the poet Nicolas Gilbert according to a model of Manuella, name of sculptor of the Duchess of Uzes.
giant mural Fresco in the honor of Julie-Victoire Daubié

Natural curiosities

Arborétum, road of Barraques.
Hot sources (24°) allowing the development of rare and protected plants, prohibited gathering.
the attic of the school shelters a very important colony of large murine, bald people mouse, referred by the Academy of the Lorraine sites.
ponds: Vôge offers abundant water and a not very permeable ground, two ideal conditions for the creation of ponds. A first approach of the documents of files (land registers, state of sections, notarial acts) makes it possible to affirm that the number of the ponds, as well large as small, exceeded about sixty on the only territory Fontenoy-the-Castle. Currently, only remain about it about thirty, by counting some recent creations.

In a study on toponymy fontenaicastrienne carried out in 2006 by the association of the “Friends of the Fontenoy Old man”, and the names of the ponds indexed are classified. Except recent creations, which often do not bear a name, the majority of the ponds have their own identity, which one can attach to four main categories:

Family names: Undoubtedly owners at one period of the history, perhaps founders? and one plunges directly in the repertory of the old and important families of Fontenoy: Honore, Gerard, Raguel, Stake, Chardin, Finiels, Ory, Thierry, Rousselot, Main Jacques, Sailor, for the principal ones.

Function: Reflection of an industrial activity, one can arrange there the pond of the Mill of the Saw and the ponds of the brewery, which allowed each winter the harvest of ice, convoyed by carriages into the deep cellars which always exist.

History: The Chastelain pond, on the brook of Carrot, in the foot of the castle, took part in the defense system of place-strong, with a system of completely disappeared winnowing.

Name in connection with the place: The pond of Breuillots (of breuil, small drill, bushes), of Arsondieux (arson indicates as old French the action to burn, which the Olivier abbot had already translated by: place cleared by fire), the Holy pond Georges, close to the vault éponyme, ponds of the White Spines, disappeared, but the spines (white) there always flower. And generally, all those which took the name of the close locality: ponds of Calois, the Coast, the curtille Voirin, Stones… A list of names of ponds on the commune of Fontenoy, glanés through various old documents.

Left bank of Coney: Ponds of Breuillots, Arsondieux, Rousselot, the Furnace, the Violet, St Georges, main Jacques, Goulière, Conois, of the mill of the saw, the barn Knight, the Lhuillier barn, the Fountain, the saw the Fir tree, consequently, the Boat, Mergot, Aubry or Ory, of Molières, Michel, Chastelain, of Curtille of Faulx.

Right Bank of Coney: Ponds of the Coast, Calois, the Lady, Chardin, Marc Gerard, Sailor, Jean Gauthier, of Stones, the Fir tree, Joseph Colotte, of the curtille Voirin, Thierry, Raguel, Stake, Goldfinch, Grandfather, Leger, of Coste, Honore, of the Clipper, the saw of Glins, Chatard, Alexandre, of the saw Blancheville, the New ponds (Small and Large), Finiel, Potter, Conaille, of the Canton, Grurupt, Brenière, of the saw Sugar, the white Spines, Blinottes, Chance, of the brewery.

Tourist and sporting installations.

Marina on the Channel of the Vosges.
Mini two hours cruising on the Channel of the East.
Hiring of house-boats at the week.
Stage more in the south of Véloroute green lane Charles Bold the, installation of cycle tracks, centers NORTH-SOUTH Lorraine, while following the tow paths.
Surface of reception for motor homes, road of Baths.
Circuits marked out VTT, a difficult red blue level and three easy level.
Camp-site caravanning, road of the virgin.
Ground of motocross.
Football field.
Tennis court, road of the Virgin.

Demonstrations

Gone Tuesday morning.
employers' Festival first Sunday of September and Chameleon festival (music and visual arts).
Pilgrimage marial around the city on August 15th at the falling night, the frontages of the houses are flowered and lit candles. During the time of the procession, the bells of the Saint-Mansuy church sound the Ave Maria.

Administration

1552 Thiébaut Morelot 1556 George Magney 1572 Jean Perryot 1575 Pierre Morelot 1576 Wild Christmas 1577 Itch Grandmougin 1578 Olry Raillar 1582 Wild Noah 1582 Jean Richard 1582 Demenge Maillefer 1587 Claude Hennemand 1588 Guillaume Courtaillon 1590 Jean 1590 Jean-François Rabaron 1592 Nicolas Champion 1594 Jean Richard 1595 Jean Mougin 1596 Nicolas Morelot 1597 Joseph Colotte 1598 Jean Poirot 1599 Jean Jolly 1599 François Martin 1602 Isaac Courtaillon 1603 Nicolas Colossus? 1607 Bernard Grandmougin 1608 Abraham Courtaillon 1613 Antoine Mathié 1616 Nicolas Blaise 1635 Jean Poirot 1636 Nicolas Grillot Claude Poirot 1656 Blancheville 1667 Claude Sanciel 1668 François Belgrand 1669 Jean Finiel 1685 Valiant Sebastien 1692 Catgulé 1704 Jacques Valdenaire 1717 Jean-François Girard 1723 Jean Valdenaire 1734 François Thiébaut 1736 Valiant Etienne 1765 Jean-Claude Count 1778 Nicolas Joseph Poirot 1779 François Daubié 1789: Jean-Bernardin Daubié 1790-1791: Jean-François Poirot 1792: François-Louis Draper 1793: Claude Grandmougin 1795 year 3: Honest François 1796 year 4: Siméon-Florentin Daubié 1798 year 6 François-Louis Draper 1799 year 7: Jean-François Poirot 1800 year 8: François-Louis Draper 1802-1804: Siméon-Florentin Daubié 1804-1808: Joseph Didier 1808-1810: François-Xavier Honore 1810-1815: Joseph Didier 1815-1819: Jean-François Poirot 1819-1825: Joseph-Martin Lempfrit 1825-1830: Michel Mercier 1830-1846: Charles Irroy 1846-1848: Pierre Groscolas 1848-1851: Auguste Daubié 1851-1854: Antoine Daubié 1854-1855: Romain-Louis Thériot 1855-1858: ? Picardy 1858-1863: Nicolas-Thomas Daubié 1863-1867: Wished Mathez 1867-1871: Jules Guépratte 1871-1874: Adolphe Millerot 1874-1877: Charles Vallet 1877-1878: Celestin Vautrin 1878-1880: Adolphe Millerot 1880-1881: Auguste Honore 1881-1888: Louis Lemaire 1888-1888: Nicolas Miguet 1888-1892: Adolphe Millerot 1892: Abel Daubié

1556- Jean Poirot 1582- Pierre Mougin 1583- Didier Moussus 1587- Humbert Wrought 1599- Charles Berget 1613- Jean Richard 1616- Pierre Poirot 1635- François Poirot 1685- Nicolas Desjacquot 1690- Jean-Nicolas Bourlotte 1723- Jean-Claude Lévêque 1736- Jean-Charles Loyal 1738- Louis Lucas 1741- Nicolas-Joseph Valdenaire 1757- Eloi Munier 1765- ? Grandmougin 1769- Mansuy Gilbert 1772- Clement Collard 1778- Ignace Collot 1788- Mansuy Gilbert 1790- Charles Collot

Education

January 17th, 1583, Fontenoy buys its first building of school. A class of girls existed already in 1765, the regent was Marguerite Corset. Over the period 1820-1825 one notes in the civil acts and monk that 77% of the men and 65% of the women can sign well lisiblement. The communal elementary school of Fontenoy currently counts three classes. The class of nursery school brings together the children of small, average and great section. One second class counts the children of CP and CE1. The third finally works with the pupils of CE2, CM1 and CM2. The Institute Médico Pédagogique Jean Poirot has three internal classes with the establishment.

Demography

Famous characters

the poet Nicolas-Joseph-Florent Gilbert (1750-1780), standard incarnation of the romantic poet, cenotaph in the catacombs of Paris.

" In the banquet of the life, unfortunate guest I appeared one day and I die. I die and on my tomb where slowly I arrive, no one will not come to pour pleurs."

Julie-Victoire Daubié (1814-1874), economic journalist and moralist, first graduate of France and laid off first be-letters.
Abbot Constant Olivier (1862-1919), Vosgean historian and writer.
François Matenet (1925-1979), Vosgean poet, founding member of " Union of the writers vosgiens"
Jean-François Tablecloth born in 1797 inventor of the machine with nail.

References

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