Fitness

Definition

The Fitness is an English word appeared in the Eighties, meaning health, form. If we try to bring a clean definition to him, we could present it like a whole of muscular activities without heavy load. Not to confuse the fitness with the Aerobics (physical-activities in music) and the " cardio-training" (activities of endurance especially practiced inside, like the bicycle, the stepper, the carpet of walk, etc…).

In the facts, the fitness became a version " without charge" (weight) of the musculation (bodybuilding). The " term; fitness" is also used for " féminiser" practice of the musculation (too judged " masculine").

History

The fitness finds its origins in the aerobics (gymnastic modelling the body by movements carried out in music), which itself is born from the jazz-dance or gym-jazz.

Let us return from now on on some date-keys:

In 1968, the doctor of medicine Kenneth H. Cooper, lieutenant-colonel in US Army, develops a concept of physical-activities with an aim of bringing a profit of form (resting on an activation of the cardiovascular system) to his practitioners. In order to prove the utility of its exercises, it publishes a work entitled " Aérobic".

In the Seventies, the movement aerobics develops, is consolidated and especially become media under the impulse of Jane Fonda. This one creates its own work method which it names: " Work Out".

In the Eighties, the fitness unloads in France. Veronique and Davina are the precursors of a new movement which unceasingly will become extensive. It is the television program " Gym Tonic" who reveals them with the general public and who brings the famous tube intergénérationnel to us: toutouyoutou.

In 1986, Gin Miller creates the courses of a major component of the fitness: the step.

In the Nineties, the B.T.S. (Body Training System) make their appearance and give place so that one calls: body-balance, body-combat, body-attack, body-jam… .

In 2008, it remains to be wished with the enthusiastic amateurs of fitness that the activity be represented with the Olympic Games.

Activities in the fitness

Traditional activities:

musculation
activities cardio (travelator, bicycle, stepper, oarsman, elliptic, cardiowave)
collective courses (step, Low Impact Aerobics, High Impact Aerobics, stretching…)

Complementary activities:

aquaforme (aquagym being a mark)
sauna, hammam, spa
squash, Scandinavian badminton
Walk

Additional activities:

massages
sophrology
solarium
esthetic centers

The fitness: economic vision

Nowadays, the sector of the fitness is in full growth and deep change. Any individual is worried his health more and more, of his wellbeing, which pushes it towards the activity of the fitness. Now, we could obtain a vision broader and us to see that beyond the personal interest and inherent in health, of the politico-economic elements constitute the screen, the conducting way of the success of the fitness. Indeed, the 35 hours generalization induces a share of spare time more important at the households. Thus, it is notable that the fitness constitutes a good means in oneself to fill its timetable and to benefit from pleasant services. Concurrently to that, the centers of back in shape offer an increasingly broad panel of very diverse activities and set a certain flexibility so as to adapt to the lifestyle of each one.

Evolution in some lines

The evolution of the fitness (=exigences of the customers and the new structures of back in shape) had as an incidence the possible seduction of customers more varied (from more adapted, accessible, many crenels; and of the activities increasingly more, in addition to the developed traditional activities) and an essential professionalisation in the framing of the medium of the form (diploma exigible and from reference: the BEMF). The trade in the fitness evolved/moved and we tend today towards the personalized services (coaching individual). These last years, a good number of independent structures went bankrupt. The arrival of the large signs, the franknesses, is not there for nothing.

Competition

One evolves/moves in 4 rounds:

1st: A passage in bikini and heels. One is judged on the physique, the muscular contour, but not the Hypertrophie, it is not bodybuilding, on femininity, the grace, etc vascularization is prohibited as well as the fat folds.
2nd: 45 seconds routine, with music where exercises of force and flexibility are imposed: 4 high-kick, 2 pumps of an arm, square tightened legs, square drawn aside legs, facial wide variation, and side wide variation.
3rd: 2 minutes routine on a music and a topic which one chooses, one evolves/moves with a choreography made up of exercises of force, flexibility, acrobatics, etc
4th: idem how the first, but in one-piece swimsuit!

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