First crusade
The first crusade is a Croisade which was held of 1096 with 1099 continuation, inter alia, with the refusal occurred in 1078 of the Turks Seldjoukide S to leave free the passage to the Christian pilgrims towards Jerusalem.
First steps
In 1078, the Seldjoukides Turks dislodge of Jerusalem the Arabs Abbasside S who were installed there since 637. One period of free access to Jerusalem by the Christian pilgrims finishes then. In the same time, overcome with the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, the Byzantine cannot prevent the Turks being established with Nicée in 1078 and from founding a kingdom in there 1081.
From the end of the 11th century, the emperor Alexis I {{er}} Comnène, of which the Christian empire of the East is threatened by the Turks, on several occasions requests the help of Rome against Seldjoukides. In 1095 at the time of a stay in France, the pope Urbain II takes note of the fury of the knights with whom them Turks bar henceforth the road of Jerusalem (that the Arabs had always left free) and answers at the request of Alexis Ist Thus, on November 27th 1095, it launches a call to Clermont-Ferrand where it preaches the help with the Byzantine emperor and release of the Holy Land in Jerusalem. In exchange of their participation in the Crusade, he promises the forgiveness of their sins to the knights who would carry help to the Chrétiens of Orient.
He indicates Adhémar de Monteil, bishop of the Puy-en-Velay, to direct this crusade.
The popular Crusade
The small people react in great number, in particular with the call of Pierre the Hermit who preached it in Berry, in Orléanais, with Poissy where Gautier Sans-Avoir joined it, in Champagne and Lorraine. The April 12th 1096 it is with some
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