Filioque

One calls “quarrel of the Filioque ” the theological quarrel between the Roman Catholic church and the Eastern Church (future orthodoxe Églises), in connection with the Dogme of the Trinité, as from the 8th century. This quarrel, as well as disagreements of a Political nature Culture ls and S, led to the Great Schism of the East of 1054, separating the Catholicisme from the orthodoxy.

Definition

The quarrel relates precisely to the procession of the Holy Spirit, i.e. the relationship between the Holy Spirit on the one hand, the Father (God) and the Son (Jesus-Christ) on the other hand. The symbol of the I {{ecumenical er}} council of Constantinople (381) affirms:

“We believe in the Holy Spirit, which is lord and who gives the life. It proceeds of the Father. ”

As from the 8th century, the Latin liturgy increased the initial formula: “It proceeds of the Father and the Son ”, in Latin Filioque ( ex Patre Filióque procedit ). The introduction of the Filioque into the Western creed was proposed under the reign of Charlemagne, emperor of Occident and was inserted in the Roman Creed into XIeme century. It was already employed in particular in Spain, in order to refute the Arianisme. The source of this introduction would thus come:

  • either of contacts with the Germanic Goths of ,

  • or of contacts with the Visigoths of Ibérie.
This variation compared to the oecumenical formula was done unilaterally, without the opinion of the churches of the East, which regarded it as the sign of a will of rupture.

Later on, one found a justification theological with the new formulation, giving it like heiress of a tradition alexandrine and Latin, professed for example by the Pape Leon in 447, is before the reception by the Roman Church of the symbol of Constantinople to the ecumenical council of Chalcédoine (451). The Eastern ones, them, always refused the addition of the Filioque to the Credo , sticking to its original formulation.

The quarrel around this new formulation reflects two designs different from the Dogme of the Trinity:

  • for the orthodoxe , the Spirit is resulting from the Father by the Son, it is the Father who is first compared to the Holy Spirit: Monopatrism.
  • for the catholic , the Filioque expresses the consubstantial communion between the Father and the Son: Filioquism.

It exists there a bond between this quarrel and a former quarrel on the grace: between the Augustinisme and the Semi-Pelagianism.

Procedure of nonreception

Currently, the Roman Catholic church opens proceedings of nonreception against this Filioque . The procedure intervenes at the time of the multiple attempts at bringing together of the Western Church with the Eastern patriarchates, occurred since 2000.

The declaration Dominus Jesus testifies to this bringing together and opens the proceedings of nonreception in the following way:

  • it comprises an additional declaration, reserved to the theologists under the signature of the Prefect for the Congrégation for the doctrines of the faith. This declaration recognizes the orthodoxe Églises, those of the seven councils, like “true Churches” announcing that for others, it is not the case.

  • the confession of faith which begins it omits the Filioque . More exactly, in the French version, the Filioque was omitted four days during, while in the versions in the other European languages, it remains omitted.
  • In the celebrations and public prayers chaired by Jean-Paul II, such as the world Days of youth of Rome, the pope omitted the Filioque each time he pronounced the Credo .

See too

Related articles

External bonds

  • Dominus Jesus, declaration of the cardinal Ratzinger

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