Antonio di Pietro Averlino or Averulino known as Filarète (in Greek that which likes the virtue ) (Florence ~ 1400 - ~ 1469 was a Architecte and sculptor Florentin, as well as a theorist of the architecture of the Italian Renaissance.

Biography

" Filarète" , as it is generally called, was probably born with Florence, and could be formed near Lorenzo Ghiberti. Carrying out a ordering of the Pope Eugene IV, Averlino spends twelve years to carry out the bronze doors of old the Basilique Saint-Pierre in Rome, which it finishes in 1445. Filarète hopes to compete with the bronze doors carried out by Ghiberti for the Baptistère Midsummer's Day (Florence). When the basilica is destroyed at the next century, the doors of Filarète are dismounted, put in sure place, then reinstalled on the new basilica.

Filarète leaves Rome with the invitation of Francesco Sforza in Milan, where it builds the Ospedale Maggiore (approximately in 1456). The hospital is designed in a geometrical way: a cross inside a square. The vault of the hospital is designed to occupy the center of the cross. There remain sides of the original building of this many times rebuilt building, whose typical Gothic style of the craft industry of the Quattrocento swears with the project with the antique of Filarète. He also works on the Castello Sforzesco and on the Cathédrale of Milan.

It is the foreground of ideal city in form of star conceived in reaction to the anarchistic and claustrophobic organization of the medieval city. Eight turns form bastions with the points of star, eight doors open on avenues radiating starting from the center

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