Fight

History

The fight, one of the oldest sports of humanity

The fight, as well as the Athletics, is probably the oldest Sport having always been the subject of competition S. It was introduced with the Olympic Games of the Antiquité in 708 av. JC, some time after the beginning of the written history of the Plays in 776 av. JC. But the fight existed already before the OJ of Antiquity, indeed one found cave paintings going back to 3000 av. JC and representative from the fighters from civilizations Akkad ienne and sumérienne. Old reliefs representing of the fighters using the majority of the catches indexed in the modern fight were left by civilizations of the old Egypt in the neighborhoods of 2400 av. JC.

In the ancient Greece, the fight had a major place in the Légende S and the Littérature and the competitions of fight were the most important event at the time of the plays of Olympe. Rules of the Greek fight: Orthepale, the fight upright in Greek (Orthos=debout, Pale=lutte), are simple: it is enough to make fall three times its adversary on the ground. By falling one understands that as soon as part of the body apart from the feet touches the ground a point is marked. If the two fighters fall any point is marked. In the majority of the Greek iconographies one sees two combatants being held the arms the chest parallel on the ground while trying to take the ascending one on the catch with the body: this phase of the combat is called the achrokeirismos.

The Japan also has a long tradition of old fight of almost 2000 years: the first combat found in Japanese annals goes back to 23 av. JC.

With the the Middle Ages, the fight remains popular and profits from the patronage of many royal houses, particularly in England, France and with the Japan. It is spread in Europe and Great Britain, during the 19th century.

In other regions, it is already known for a long time, the Mongolia, for example, has a long tradition of fight. The India and the Pakistan saw being born from many famous fighters. And certain countries developed their own style: the Sambo in Russia, the Schwing or Swiss Fight in Swiss, the Glima in Iceland and the Yagli Gures ((Turkish Oil Wrestling)) in Turkey, where the tradition is very old.

Modern Olympic history

When the Olympic Games remade their appearance with Athens in 1896, the fight was regarded as so important from a historical point of view which it became the central element of the Plays. The Lutte gréco-Roman was perceived like the true reincarnation of the Greek fight and the Roman fight of Antiquity.

The All-in wrestling was allowed with the Olympic Games at the time of the session of CIO held with Paris in 1901. The first Olympic tests took place at the time of the Olympic Games of summer of 1904 with Saint-Louis with the the United States. The official Olympic ones decided to add this new discipline, with last certainly less rich and less noble than its elder but enjoying an enormous popularity in particular in Great Britain and with the the United States, one of attractions high-speed motorboats of the fun fairs and fairs of the 19th century, a form of professional entertainment.

Just like the fight gréco-Roman, it counts from now on among the great disciplines of the Olympic Games.

Today, the Fédération of Russia dominates in fight, in particular gréco-Roman, but it is pursued by the United States in all-in wrestling. With the row of the countries from which leave the fighters of international level appear Iran, Turkey and Mongolia, country where the fight is the national sport. For the Olympic Games of Sydney in 2000, the program of fight was modified. Since 1972, the fight was divided into ten categories of weight in the two styles. With the Plays of Sydney, only eight categories of weight were represented in each style. The weights also slightly changed and the lightest category, commonly called light flyweight, was quite simply removed.

The reduction of the number of categories from 10 to 7 in L and GR. allowed the introduction of the female Lutte with four categories of weight the Olympic Games of Athens in 2004.

The first championship of the world of all-in wrestling took place with Helsinki, in 1951. Seventeen countries divided the medals of all-in wrestling to the Olympic Games of 1996 in Atlanta. They were 15 in Sydney and 17 in Athens.

Actual position of the Fight in the world

Today, one counts hundreds of different styles of fight in the whole world. And of many countries have local styles, like the style Glíma in Iceland, Schwingen in Switzerland, the Cumberland in Great Britain or the Lutte sénégalaise.

But, nowadays, these are mainly four styles which are practiced within the framework of the competitions of fight amateur: the Fight gréco-Roman, the All-in wrestling, the Judo and the Sambo.

The judo is regarded as a sport with whole share with the Olympic Games.

The sambo is a combination of judo and all-in wrestling; especially popular in the republics of the old Soviet Union, it forever belonged to the Olympic program.

The all-in wrestling is similar to the style of university fight American or the folk fight. The catches are of almost unlimited number with the proviso of not being dangerous and can be applied to any part of the body.

The fight gréco-Roman limit catches at the upper part of the body.

Lexicon

" Brace " : catch consisting in for a fighter blocking with his arms the ankles of its adversary by plating the back of this last to the carpet.
Action : ask of the referee inviting the fighters to start the combat.
Arm rolled : consistent movement for a fighter to girdle his arms the body of its adversary before projecting it on the carpet.
back Belt carried out with flexibility : catch consisting in for a fighter projecting his adversary in a spectacular way by carrying out a large arc of circle all while holding it by behind.
Belt in bridge : movement during which a fighter makes roll his adversary whereas it is in position of bridge.
Control of the body : catch consisting in for a fighter girdling his arms the body of its adversary before throwing it to the carpet.
Shift before : Movement by which a fighter makes fall his adversary by raising the leg with the arms to him.
Disqualification : elimination of a fighter of a match for infringement with the payments.
Double gathering up of removed legs : consistent movement for a fighter to bring his adversary on the ground by plating it after him to have seized the legs.
Fixed price : marked victory when a fighter is disqualified or wounded too severely to continue the combat or that it is not presented for the match to the call of his name.
Escape of catch : situation where the fighter refuses the combat on the carpet and where it finds penalized by a point, which is allotted to his adversary.
Escape of carpet : situation where the fighter voluntarily leaves the carpet and where it finds penalized by a point, which is allotted to his adversary.
Liana : movement during which a fighter makes use of his legs to make turn his adversary.
Fight gréco-Roman : traditional form of fight in which the fighters can make use only of their arms and the upper part of their body to attack and in which they can maintain only these parts of the body of their adversaries.
All-in wrestling : style of fight where the fighters are authorized to use the arms, the legs and the remainder of the body and to seize itself above and in lower part of the belt.
Handle : the combat is divided into three two minute old handles completely independent one of the other and intersected by pause a 30 seconds. The fighter who gains two handles gains the combat.
Put at ground : action to bring its adversary to ground.
Endangered : position in which the back of a fighter forms an angle of less than 90 degrees with the carpet and in which the fighter is maintained by its adversary.
Open : order of the referee asking a fighter to change position and to adopt more open tactics.
By ground : on the carpet, starting position in which one of the fighters is held the hands and the knees against the carpet, whereas the other fighter is held with knees on the side, hands posed on the back of the first fighter.
technical Points : points marked during the combat.
Bridge : arched position adopted by a fighter back with the carpet to prevent that its back does not touch the carpet.
Taken " great amplitude " : projection in which the center of gravity of the adversary is higher than the fighter who tries to project it.
Taken arm : control arms of the adversary.
Projection of arm : consistent movement for a fighter to project his adversary over its shoulder by holding the arm to him.
Round exchange : small circle inside the carpet of fight.
Left bridge : exit of a position of bridge while rolling on the belly to escape the adversary.
technical Superiority : victory declared in a sleeve when a fighter carries out of six points on his adversary.
central Surface of fight : ring on the carpet of fight located between the central round and the zone of passivity.
Surface of protection : limit of the carpet of fight beyond the zone of passivity aiming at protecting the fighters from the wounds.
Fallen : movement aiming at maintaining the shoulders of the adversary against the carpet. This action stops the match and gives the victory.
Turns of qualification : turns carried out in order to obtain the number of necessary combat to be able to begin direct elimination.
Turns of fishing out : combat carried out by the fighters who inclined themselves vis-a-vis the two finalists to determine which will gain the bronze medals.
Zone of passivity : ring external of the carpet of fight.

Great champions

Alexander Karelin
Daniel Robin

Gallery

The fight in the world

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