Fever
The fever also called Pyrexie, is the rise in the body Température in an animal with hot Sang. It is generally about a defense reaction against an internal aggression (for example a Infection, a Maladie) called to activate certain immunizing mechanisms and consequence of certain activities of the organization.
At the human , the normal body temperature is of 37 °C; The fever is defined by a higher temperature at rest or equalizes with 38°C. A fever beyond 40 °C is regarded as a health hazard major and immediate (see Hyperthermie). When the fever is moderate (of 37.5°C with 37.9°C), one speaks about fébricule .
Temperature measurement
The body temperature is measured using a clinical thermometer. According to the placement of this one, one speaks about:
- oral temperature: thermometer placed in the Mouth (the most current method in the Anglo-Saxon countries, except for the small children);
- rectal temperature: boils of the thermometer placed in the Rectum via the Anus (the most precise method, traditionally advised for the small children);
- temperature axillaire: under the arm;
- tympanic temperature: measure infra-red temperature of the tympanum.
Treatment
Measurements taken to fight the fever bear the name “of Apyrexie”. A nonsevere fever can be, if need be, fought by Antipyrétique S such as the Aspirine or the Paracétamol.
In spite of these measurements, the fever can be present during several days, and the origins of the fever are not always diagnosed.
Fever in young child and the infant
In the young child, this fever can involve Convulsion S which, if they are impressive, are in general benign; it should however imperatively be prevented that this situation is not prolonged, it is thus necessary to slowly lower the temperature of the whole of the body. One recommended before systematically to give Bain S of water whose temperature is of 2 °C in lower part of the temperature of the baby, and the medical regulation often consisted of a Bithérapie Aspirine - Paracétamol; the fall of the temperature was a priority with three objectives: to prevent the development of malignant hyperthermia, to avoid the feverish convulsions and to improve comfort of the child. However, no recent study highlighted the effect of antipyretic for the prevention of the convulsions, and in addition, only certain children (2 to 5%) are prone to the convulsions. The fever having a role in the fight against the infection, for a child not being prone to the convulsions and except urgency (see below), the administration of antipyretic is not systematic any more, is considered only starting from 38,5 °C, and one rather advises the Paracétamol in Monothérapie.
A real fever (higher than 38 °C) in a child must always give place to a doctor visit, but seldom to the urgencies of the hospital. While waiting for the medical visit, the attitude advised by the Afssaps is to support the fall of temperature by equipping the child slightly, by frequently proposing fresh drinks to him and by airing the part. In the event of presence of signs of gravity, for example:
- baby of less than three months,
- higher temperature with 40 °C,
- weight loss,
- convulsion which is repeated or lasts in spite of cooling,
- spots on the skin,
- turbid of the conscience,
- ceaseless tears,
- …
The use of the Ibuprofène is in the discussed child. It can have rare side effects but serious in the child Varicelle ux
See too
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