Ferdinand Ier of Portugal

Ferdinand Ier of Portugal , known as Ferdinand the Beautiful (in Portuguese Fernando O Belo ), born the October 31st 1345 with Coimbra, dead the October 22nd 1383 with Lisbon, was king de Portugal and of Algarves of 1367 with 1383.

He was the second child of the king Pierre I {{er}} (1320-1367), known as Pierre the Dispenser of justice , king de Portugal (1357-1367) and of Constance of Castille (1323-1345), dead three weeks after his birth.

The beginning of the reign of Ferdinand was marked by the external policy. When Pierre I {{er}} of Castille died in 1369 without direct heir, Ferdinand, like great-grandson of Sanche IV by the female line, declared heir to the throne of Castille. The different interested ones were the kings of Aragon and Navarre and also Jean of Ghent, duke of Lancaster married with Constance, the oldest daughter of Pierre de Castille. On these entrefaits, Henri de Trastamare, bastard brother of Pierre, had declared king. After two campaigns miltaires without success, the parts accepted the intervention of the pope Gregoire XI.

In the treaty of 1371, it was envisaged the marriage of Ferdinand with Éléonore de Castille, girl of Henri de Castille, but before the marriage, the king fell in love with Éléonore Teles with Menezes, the woman of one of his courtiers. After a fast cancellation of the first marriage of Éléonore, Ferdinand married it. This fact caused a strong internal reaction, but Henri de Castille does not react and quickly offered his daughter to Charles III of Navarre.

Starting from its marriage, Éléonore became each day more influential near the king, acting on the policy external and becoming increasingly more unpopular. Apparently, Ferdinand does not manage to have comes up and political environment suffered from it.

In 1382, at the end of the war with the Castille, one decided to marry the single girl of Ferdinand, Béatrice of Portugal with the king Jean I {{er}} of Castille. That would mean annexation of Portugal what did not admit the middle-class and part of the Portuguese nobility.

When Ferdinand dies in 1383, the dynasty of Burgundy dies out. Éléonore Teles of Menezes was named regent in the name of his daughter and of Jean de Castille but the transition will not be peaceful. Listening to the calls of most of the Portuguese to maintain the country independent, Jean, Master of Aviz and bastard brother of Ferdinand, king of Portugal proclaims itself. The result was the crisis of 1383-1385, one period of Interregnum accompanied by a political and social chaos. Jean became the first king of the Dynastie of Aviz in 1385.

Matrimonial situation

The March 5th 1371, with Leça C Bailio, it married Leonor Such of Menezes (1345-1386) known as Leonor Such , union which one knows only one child:

In addition, Ferdinand Ier had, of a not identified relation, an illegitimate child:

  • Isabelle of Portugal (1364-1395), known as Isabelle of Burgundy , married in 1373 with Burgos with Alphonse de Castille (1355-1395), said Alfonso Enríquez de Castilla , count de Gijon and Noroña (1373-).

Internal bonds

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