Ferdinand Bush

See also: Bush

Ferdinand Bush (December 20th 1841, Paris - February 16th 1932, Thieuloy-Saint-Antoine), founder and president of the League of the human rights. In 1927 the Nobel Prize of peace was allotted to him jointly with Ludwig Quidde.

Philosopher (aggregate of philosophy) educational and French politician, he was general inspector of the state education.

Ferdinand Buisson was the President of the National association of the Free thinkers, famous for his combat for a teaching free and laic through the Ligue of teaching, senior civil servant of the State, deputy, near to Jules Ferry, it created the substantive of “Laïcité”.

He was the investitor of the massification of the primary school education, which opened many rights has populations which did not have any (defective or handicapped pupils).

Biography

He was pupil with the Lycée Condorcet.

Exiled voluntarily in Switzerland under the Second empire, of 1866 with 1870 he was professor with the Académie of Neuchâtel. As of 1867, it takes part in the international Congress of the permanent international Ligue of peace and works out a program for the abolition of the war by the instruction , at the sides of Jules Ferry and Victor Hugo.

Of return in France, after the fall of the second Empire, it was, thanks to its friendship with the Minister for the State education Jules Simon, named with the direction of the Parisian schools.

Of 1879 with 1896, it was called by Jules Ferry, successor of Jules Simon, with the direction of Primary school education, supervised the work of writing and design of the laws on secularity. Appointed the Seine of 1902 with 1914, then of 1919 with 1924, he was in particular a burning defender of obligatory vocational training and right to vote for the women. In 1890, he becomes professor of pedagogy to the Sorbonne. In 1898, in favor of the defense of the Captain Dreyfus, it takes part in the creation of the French Ligue of the human rights of which he will be president of 1913 with 1926.

Ferdinand Buisson was also the project superintendent of a remarkable leading building site: the Dictionary of pedagogy and primary education , for the drafting of which it was surrounded of more than 350 collaborators. The first edition was published by Hachette between 1882 and 1887. A new edition appeared in 1911. Not limiting a role of leading person in charge, Buisson wrote to him even articles emblematic, like Laïcité , Intuition , Prière … Its dictionary is regarded as the “Bible” of the public school and republican.

Partisan of the first hour of the Company of the Nations (SDN), it devotes himself then to the Franco-German bringing together especially after the occupation of the the Ruhr in 1923, by inviting pacifist German with Paris and while going to Berlin. He accepted the Nobel Prize of peace in 1927 with the German professor Ludwig Quidde.

Works

  • liberal Christianity. - Paris: Cherbuliez, 1865
  • Sebastien Castellion. - Paris: Hatchet, 1892,2 volumes
  • the Religion, Morals and Science, four conferences. - Paris: Fischbacher, 1900
  • Condorcet. - Paris: Alcan, 1929
  • (Dir.) Dictionary of teaching and primary education (two editions, in 1887 and 1911). - Paris: Alcan, 1929
  • (Dir.) New dictionary of pedagogy < http://www.inrp.fr/edition-electronique/lodel/dictionnaire-ferdinand-buisson/ >
  • Education and Republique. - Paris: Kimé, 2003. - ISBN 2-84174-293-8
  • the radical policy, 1908.

See too

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