The family of Tosny is an important aristocratic chalk-lining of ducal Normandy (- centuries) even if it did not count any count or Viscount. Its first member is Raoul I {{er}} of Tosny (death after 1024).

Outstanding characters

Certainly come from Ile-de-France, Tosny settled in Normandy at the 10th century to collaborate with the descendants of the Viking S. They belong to this new elite which appears around the dukes Richard I {{er}} and Richard II with the hinge of and the 11th century. In 991, Raoul I {{er}} of Tosny is the witness of the first international treaty which the history Norman preserved (agreement between the duke Richard Ier and the Anglo-Saxon king Ethelred II). Among the first Norman ones, it leaves to fight in Italy of the South. Its grandson Raoul II belongs to the largest barons around William the Conqueror (1035-1087). He is the carry-standard of the Normands in 1054.

Accounts, more or less legendary, took shape around them: the chroniclers report the exploits of Roger I {{er}}, the Eater of Moors , in Spain. His wife, Godehildis/Gotelina , are related to a miracle with Holy-Foy of Conches. At the beginning of the 12th century, Orderic Vital explains why the family would go down from Malahulce, uncle of Rollon.

A model aristocratic family

The constitution of its power

Like several Norman chalk-linings (for example the Beaumont), the origin of power of Tosny comes from two sources:

• the recovery of goods of Church. According to Lucien Musset, the archbishop of Rouen Hugues (942-989) would have distracted from the inheritance of his cathedral some grounds with the profit of his brother Raoul I {{er}}
• the concession of grounds on behalf of the dukes of Normandy, in particular Richard II.

More original, Tosny probably acquired part of their fortune by remote adventures. Raoul Ier and Roger Ier fought in Apulie and Spain in the first quarter of the 11th century.

Risks of its history

Raoul II of Tosny takes part in the Conquête of England in 1066. The duke rather chichement rewards it for fields on the other side of the channel: both baronnies of Flamstead (Hertfordshire) and of Wrethamthorpe (Norfolk) of it are the most notable parts. Three other family members are gratifiés: Robert de Stafford, the brother of Raoul, Robert de Belvoir and his Béranger son, pertaining to a collateral branch. Broadly Tosny do not appear to play of big role in England. In Normandy, they are particularly active during the disorders which follow death of William the Conqueror (1087) and at the time of the conflict between Mathilde and Etienne of Blois (1135-1144). However, the 12th century gives the impression of a family decline, compared to some chalk-linings close to Eastern Normandy: the Beaumont-Meulan, the Montfort, the Harcourt.

In 1204, Roger IV of Tosny by its support for Jean without Ground loses all its continental strongholds. The family must thus fold up itself in England where it carries out a career of plane second. In 1309, the male line dies out.

The management of the goods

Like any Norman baron, Tosny have strongholds dispersed in all Normandy and England. In 1077, the marriage between Raoul II and Isabelle de Montfort makes it possible Tosny to direct the châtellenie of Nogent-the-King, to the neighborhoods of 1200. The possessions of the family thus exceed the border of the Duché of Normandy. However, one locates very although on the continent, the heart of their inheritance is located around Conches-in-Ouche. Part of the strongholds is pledged with small customers the vassal ones.

The family gives to the abbeys, in particular with that which it founded (the monastery Saint-Pierre de Castillon about 1035). After 1066, as Lucien Musset notices it, Tosny are shown especially liberal with their English strongholds whereas they avoid decreasing their Norman inheritance.

The texts bring little information on the administration of the goods. It is known that provost S were installed in the principal centers.

Honor of Conches and Tosny

With its two poles, Conches-in-Ouche and Tosny (in the loop of the the Seine immediately downstream from the Andelys), the baronnie of Tosny to the characteristic to be bicephalous.

Depending on the state of the strongholds of 1172, the Honneur counted 50 or 51 Fief S of knights. The grounds are primarily in High-Normandy, more exactly between Risle and Iton. Vast the Forêt of Conches forms the center of it. It is necessary to add fields dispersed in valley of the Eure (Fountain-under-Jouy, the Cailly-on-Eure, Planches, Acquigny), in valley of the Seine (Tosny, Villers-sur-le-Roule, the Bernières-on-Seine), in Vexin Normand (Vesly, Guerny, Villers-in-Vexin, Hacqueville, Heuqueville, Val of Pîtres), in Pays of Caux and Talou around Blainville-Crevon, of Mortemer-on-Eaulne, Dieppe and Yerville. Many of these grounds are pledged with the vassal ones, in particular Clères.

Orderic Vital mentions the four principal castles of the baronnie in 1119: Conches-in-Ouche, Tosny, Doors, Acquigny.

Genealogy

Hugues of Calvacamp │ ├─> Hugues, archbishop of Rouen (942-989) │ │ └─> Raoul Ier de Tosny († 1024/1025) │ ├─>… │ │ │? │ └─> Robert de Tosny († 1088), Lord de Belvoir │ │ │ │ │ ├─> Béranger de Tosny │ │ │ │ │ └─> Alice de Tosny († after 1129) │ X Roger Religious bigot │ └─> Roger Ier de Tosny, Or Roger of Spain († about 1040) X Godehildis/Gotelina │ ├─>Herbert († about 1040) │ ├─>Helinant († about 1040) │ ├─> Raoul II of Conches and Tosny († 1102) │ X Isabelle de Montfort │ │ │ ├─> Raoul III of Tosny, known as the young person († 1126) │ │ X Adelise girl of Waltheof de Northumbrie │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ ├─> Roger III († towards 1157/1162) │ │ │ X Ida de Hainaut │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─> Raoul IV († 1162) │ │ │ X Marguerite de Leicester │ │ │ │ │ │ │ └─> Roger IV († 1208/1209) │ │ │ X Constancy of Beaumont │ │ │ │ │ └─>Hugues († about 1140) │ │ │ │ │ ├─>Roger II († 1090/1091) │ │ │ └─>Godehilde († 1097) │ X (1) Robert Ier de Meulan (doubtful) │ X (2) Baudouin of Boulogne, king de Jérusalem │ ├─> Robert de Stafford († 1088) │ │ │ └─>Nicolas of Stafford († about 1138) │ │ │ └─>Robert II of Stafford († about 1177-1185) │ │ │ └─>Robert III of Stafford († towards 1193/1194) │ │ ├─>Herbert († about 1040) │ ├─>Helinant († about 1040) │ ├─>Béranger the Spaniard │ ├─>Adelise │ X Guillaume Wire Osbern │ └─>Berthe († about 1040)

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