Family of Sanded

The family of Sanded is a family which marked the history of the Maine and of the Anjou.

History

Introduction

The Châtellenie of Sablé is entitled to a place in the regional feudal gallery partly because of its fields and strongholds mayennais. The seigniory and the Forêt of Bouère which came to the doors from the city formed part of it; Saint-Wolf was a vassal stronghold; the Abbey of Bellebranche, in Saint-Brice, was foundation of its lords.

Jean without Ground is only the Suzerain which gives him the title of Baronnie, but nevertheless this name would not be ratified, the châtellenie would be as important as most notable baronnies, and its lords by their role, by the enlarging of their field, would be equal to most powerful barons the.

Castle

One knows the infeodation which was made by the count of the Maine at one time when it was not yet in the subjection of the count of Anjou. The castle which formed the center of the châtellenie was built on a site perfectly chosen, formant headland between the the Sarthe and the Vaige. It was replaced by a construction which included/understood double enclosure, interior court and boile, and there is one time a riding plan when the walls and the turns still remained, with many ruins. It was said that the keep embedded in these walls formed initially part of the primitive fortress. The Abbé Angot does not believe it; its pentagonal form and its style, its ornaments and its very widened base are not 10th century nor 11th century. On the other hand, he admits that the broad ditch which encircles the northern side of the castle, is that which defended also the châtelier of the 10th century, time when he was built, on the only accessible side, since the two others faces were protected by the natural escarpment from the valleys from the Sarthe and Vaige. The embankments which côtoyaient the ditches have alone missing.

Gilles Spares

The Angot abbot affirms that he thought first of all that it was necessary to cover this subject, because it had been it so copiously by Gilles Ménage in his Histoire of Sanded , in 1683 - 1686. But after having studied the question seriously, the Angot abbot realized that the author, while bringing to his study of a liked city, cradle of his family, an estimable care and a great luxury of scholarship, was far from to have spoken about it in an irreproachable way.

The Angot abbot thus judged that it was necessary to write a genealogy of the lords of Sanded which implemented new research, which benefitted from the facilities offered by the publication of the Cartulaire S and the recent studies on the feudal origins of the big families of the country. These new lights make it possible to reform the assertions of Household and to draw aside many errors.

Household had followed, at least for the beginnings of its genealogy of Sanded, the “ Mémoires of Mr. of Bouchet, of which I do not doubt, said it, though they are supported of no formal title. ” It admitted with him and the authors who had followed it, like stock of the family of Sanded, a Hubert, Viscount of Maine, which would have lived “ at the beginning of the 10th century ”, father of Raoul and Geoffroy. The last would have been, according to our author, qualified “ in undeniable titles lord of Sanded ”, while Raoul succeeded his father in the Viscount of Maine, at the beginning of the 11th century.

But as Ménage was informed of other characters of the name of Sanded, he wanted to link them at the house of the Viscounts. There all was of its invention, because the other genealogists do not mention this first house. Those even as he knew and proposed, did not have, he acknowledged it, never had the ground of Sanded. But it then built a system according to which aforesaid Hubert would have married the girl of the older brother and unknown to Solomon of Sablé, first representative of the house, former to the Viscounts of Maine with Sablé.

The Angot abbot develops why the assumption of Household is impossible on the descent of the branch junior by Beaumont of a family of Sanded.

He nevertheless examines in some lines what Ménage said of essence of these newcomers. He at the head puts his Solomon filiation, which was husband towards 1040 and not, as he affirms it, at the 10th century, of Adélaïs, fourth girl of Giroie de Montreuil, celebrates knight Normand, about which Orderic Vital speaks lengthily. Solomon was father of Renaud and grandfather of Lisiard de Sablé, which was used “ Henri Ier as England, king d' Angleterre, against Angevins ”.

One knows by several documents second Solomon de Sablé, who founded the priory of Saint-Wolf, close Sablé, and was made monk with Marmoutier in 1068; it had a son named Hugue and probably another named GUI, clerk, known as wire of Solomon by a charter of Guy Ier of Laval. Hugue, husband of Godehilde - that Ménage says woman of its son, - was father of third Solomon. Historian of Sanded affirms not that Solomon Ier holds by any bond in Solomon II, Hugue, GUI and Solomon III, who are quoted together in an act of Robert Burgundian the, in 1078.

Another family of Sanded, famous for her relationship with Geoffroy Grisegonnelle, and which gave rise to the families of Champagne and Mathefelon, included/understood at the 11th century two brothers, Geoffroy and Herve de Sablé. The second, called the Razor , by the influence of his brother, married Eremburge, girl of Aubry de Montmorency, that Geoffroy Grisegonnelle had brought back Île-de-France with him in Anjou. Eremburge was widowed of Hubert of Arnay, it had a son named Hubert who was called the Razor , like his father-in-law. Of the second marriage it had Raoul and Bernier. Its three sons died in 1016 with the Bataille of Pontlevoy, but Hubert left his pregnant widow: she became mother of Hubert de Champagne, ancestor of the Mathefelon and Champagne.

Spare, without proof nor unspecified indices, supposes a close relationship between Solomon I, Geoffroy and Herve de Sablé, either brothers, or uncles with nephew. Then it makes, of Raoul and Geoffroy the grandsons of the older brother of Solomon, by a sister, a girl married to Hubert, Viscount of Maine, which one does not know more the name that those of his father and mother. It still connects to its imagination Solomon I, not only with the Viscounts of Maine, but with other individuals, known as also of Sanded, but who, like, never had to him of right on the seigniory of Sanded, nor of relationship with the lords, not more than several characters of the same name, Mans and Anjou. The abbot the Plowman had however delivered to Gilles Ménage a good opinion by saying to him that, in the 10th century and 11th centuries, the grounds had been used to name the individuals but never the families.

Household had written its complete genealogy when he discovered the charter of Évron, of 994, in which the count Hugues III of Maine gave to the abbey the undue habits and granted the rights of fairs and markets, of the assent of Raoul, Viscount of Maine, and of Raoul, his son. This last is well that which had Solesmes in 1010, and which was brother of Geoffroy de Sablé, lord of Sanded. Ménage blow understood that Of Bouchet, Of Cange, Dom Chantelou had misled it; that Raoul and Geoffroy, lords of Solesmes and of Sanded, were not wire of Hubert, but of Raoul, Viscount of Maine. Only he saw only this first error and did not go until understanding that he had corrected the charter of unduly the Seam where the founder of Sanded is known as count and not Viscount of Maine; that its history remained distorted until the end about it; that instead of to have had these strongholds by heritage of the house of Sanded, the two brothers had had them by infeodation of the count suzerain, the first of their family to have this extreme point of territory which made of their Viscount a long band active of the Normandy to the Anjou, between Eastern Maine and Western Maine. Instead of admitting these forced conclusions, the historian of Sanded persisted in believing “ that the heiress of Sanded that Raoul (he does not say any more Hubert), Viscount of Beaumont, had married, could be niece or German cousin of Solomon de Sablé mentioned by Orderic Vital, and of Herve and Geoffroy de Sablé… These Sablé probably went down, adds it, of the lords of the ground of Sanded who, in the time of the establishment of the strongholds (i.e. towards the end of the 9th century) had formed that of Sanded ”.

There was not a first house of Not sanded, with the direction where hears Ménage.

List lords

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