Fabric (painting)

In Painting, a fabric is a support used in particular for the Oil-base paint.

This fabric is generally made fibers of flax, sometimes Chanvre or of a mixture of both, or Coton, and is coated with a Apprêt, before use.

History

The fabric became the most widespread support for the Oil-base paint, replacing the Peinture on wood. One of the first oil-base paint on fabric is a French work, the Madone with the angels realized about 1410 and preserved at the museum Gemäldegalerie with Berlin. However, painting on wood remained much more widespread until the XVIe century in Italy and with the XVIIe century in Europe of north. The painter Andrea Mantegna and other Venetian artists are among those which brought the change. The Venetian fabric easily available and was regarded as better quality.

Preparation

The fabric is usually tightened on a reinforcement out of wooden called the Châssis, and it can be coated with Gesso before being used in order to prevent the oil-base paint from entering in direct contact with fibers of the fabric, which could dilapidate it. In spite of the risk of deterioration of materials, much of modern artists, like Jackson Pollock, Kenneth Noland, Francis Bacon, Helen Frankenthaler, daN Christensen, Larry Zox, Ronnie Landfield and other painters of the movement Colorfield Painting or Lyric abstraction paints sometimes on a " fabric brute" , without gesso protective.

If the manufacture of the fabrics is now industrialized, certain painters prefer to work on a fabric manufactured in a traditional way. One of the most exceptional differences between modern technologies of painting and that of the primitive Flemish or the painters of the the Netherlands is in the preparation of the fabric. The techniques " modernes" benefit from the texture of the fabric, sound " grain" , which makes almost impossible the realism of the peintrue traditional. Indeed, the painters of Renaissance took an extreme care to make sure that the texture of the fabric disappears completely. That required a careful procedure processing and length consisting in covering the rough fabric with usually a white painting, then to polish surface, the whole on several occasions so as to obtain a frozen fabric. Although that can appear an extreme solution for the modern painters, it is crucial if one wants to reach a realism " photographic ". With a fabric correctly laid out, the painter will note that each layer of color slips on the preceding one like " beurre" and, with a uniform application of painting, the table will be entirely free from traces of brushes or brushes.

There exist also grooved fabrics which are distinguished from the fabrics on frame by the fact that they are not fastened on with dimensions ones. The advantage of this type of fabric is that with dimensions ones of the fabric its virgins, which makes it possible to the painter to incorporate the edges painted in the drawing itself. Moreover, this type of fabric makes it possible work to be shown without framework.

Types of fabric

At the beginning, the fabric itself was made of Fiber flax, a very resistant brownish fabric, which was thus particularly suitable for the Oil-base paint. At the beginning of the XXe century, the fabric of Coton started to be used. The fabric of flax being nevertheless a material of more than high-quality, it remains popular for many professional artists, particularly those with whom work the Oil-base paint. The cotton fabric, which is stretched more completely, however offers a more economic alternative. The arrival of the acrylic Peinture considerably increased the popularity and the use of the cotton fabric.

Formats of fabrics and corresponding frame

See too

Painting on fabric

Simple: Canvas

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